Re: [INDOLOGY] Fwd: sañj sajjate

Wed Oct 16 23:49:29 UTC 2019

Here is Oberlies reference:

 saj -> sa(ñ)j

sajj 'to stick, to be caught' (I. [cf. VIA I 210]) --- see p. 244

pr. sajjati, Mbh 1,203.15, 5,55.9 (sam+), 177.20, 13,21.10 (saṁpra+), 39.1,
499* (pra+), 132.7, sajjate, Mbh 3,2.16 ~ 240.3, 5,9.8,67.15, R 2,54.4
(sam+), 100.6, 4,28.20.25, 58.29, 5,37.35, 49, 16

pf. (saṁ)sasajjatuḥ Mbh 6,43.69

sec. caus. sajjayate R 6, 150*.8 (pra+), 7,60.17

rem. A denominative of sajja (<sajya-) is sajjayati /te 'to make s.th.
ready' (Mbh 5,150.21 (sajjayanti sma nāgān], R 7,60.17 [sajjaye yāvad
āyudham]). Its causative is sajjayate 'to get ready' (Mbh 14,51.2
[sajjayadhvam prayāsyāmaḥ]), its passive sajj(ī)yate 'to be made ready'
(Mbh 6,19.39 [... sajjīyamāneṣu sainyeṣu ...], 8,50.36 [āyudhāni ...
sajjyantām]) and its verbal adjective sajjita - 'ready' (Mbh 7,53.25).

Harry Spier

On Wed, Oct 16, 2019 at 4:12 AM Christophe Vielle via INDOLOGY <
indology at list.indology.info> wrote:

> Dear list,
>
> a student of mine asks me about the form *sajjate* usually presented (in
> Western dictionaries and grammars at the least) as a passive
> alternative/epic form of *sajyate* (see infra; also, even more
> surprising, the form * sajjati* is sometimes also given as a secondary
> passive form). I am not a specialist of grammar, nevertheless  I have a
> real difficulty to consider as a passive form something without an apparent
> -*ya *suffix (and  without middle ending for *sajjati — *note that the
> latter form is also proposed by Whitney G to come from a Cl. IV **sajyati
> *or from **sasjati*), and, additionally, why in this case to postulate
> such an assimilation* jj < jy *and not a more obvious or natural* ñj > jj*
> . It seems indeed to me more easy to consider *sajjate *(and *sajjati*)
> as alternative M (and A) form = **sañjate *(and **sañjati*, which is
> given by Kale G), beside more classical *sajate/i*. The two causative
> forms *sañjayati *and *sajjayati *appears to confirm this explanation
> (cf. also in MW the double entry *sajj = **sañj*); however, the other has
> for it the epic abs. °*sajja* (for °*sajya*) given by Wackernagel (I have
> not Oberlies here at hand to check this reference).
> Thank you for your comments. Especially, I would be interested to know
> 1° if it happens that indigenous grammars also consider *sajjate* as a
> passive form
> 2° linguistic historical or comparative arguments for * jj < jy  *rather
> than *< ñj*
>
> Best wishes,
> Christophe
>
> *From:* Edmond Differding
> *Sent:* Tuesday, October 15, 2019 18:19
> *To:* Christophe Vielle <christophe.vielle at uclouvain.be>
> *Subject:* sañj sajjate
>
> Voici ce que j’ai trouvé sur sajjate :
>
> *Grammaire de Whitney §746 *
>
>
>
>
> *Whitney Roots :*
>
>
>
>
> *Renou §9 [p. 8] :*
>
>
> "Assimilation... par prākritisme... sont ainsi passés dans la langue
> sajj- 46a)"
>
>
> [> §46a, p. 50]: "Les rac. en -jj- données gr. comme reposant sur -sj-"
>
>
> *Renou §71.a)1) [p. 77] :*
>
>
> rac. sañj – dépourvue de nasale au présent (en ya), facultativement au
> causatif, et le maintient ailleurs
>
>
> *Macdonell* :
>
> 133.A.4.: mentionne juste: perd la nasale : saj-a-
>
>
> *Huet/Heritage : *
>
> *sañj* var. *saj* v. [1
> <https://eur03.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fsanskrit.inria.fr%2Fcgi-bin%2FSKT%2Fsktconjug.cgi%3Fq%3Dsa%257Enj%3Bc%3D1%3Bfont%3Droma&data=02%7C01%7C%7C678b400d42874594b0b208d75200a285%7C7ab090d4fa2e4ecfbc7c4127b4d582ec%7C0%7C0%7C637068035020609798&sdata=JwBS2%2FUzdBEKJUNKFsku5kFL4SLD0Kd3X2EIY9hRkdE%3D&reserved=0>]
> pr. *(sajati)* pr. r. *(sajate)* pft. *(sasañja)* pp. *(sakta)* pf. *(*
> *anu*
> <https://eur03.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https:%2F%2Fsanskrit.inria.fr%2FDICO%2F3.html%23anu.sa~nj&data=02%7C01%7C%7C678b400d42874594b0b208d75200a285%7C7ab090d4fa2e4ecfbc7c4127b4d582ec%7C0%7C0%7C637068035020619788&sdata=Eoy2SfRxYfERWJ5JNG%2FGnuZe%2FcBs0yi3hAPipo0QxLU%3D&reserved=0>
> , *ā*
> <https://eur03.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https:%2F%2Fsanskrit.inria.fr%2FDICO%2F10.html%23aasa~nj&data=02%7C01%7C%7C678b400d42874594b0b208d75200a285%7C7ab090d4fa2e4ecfbc7c4127b4d582ec%7C0%7C0%7C637068035020619788&sdata=Q9e%2FAt7zK0wI75jq8EyLbxif0GIG5j1VhreBcSf4IOQ%3D&reserved=0>
> , *ni*
> <https://eur03.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https:%2F%2Fsanskrit.inria.fr%2FDICO%2F36.html%23ni.sa~nj&data=02%7C01%7C%7C678b400d42874594b0b208d75200a285%7C7ab090d4fa2e4ecfbc7c4127b4d582ec%7C0%7C0%7C637068035020619788&sdata=pYLKNmZTBxzIr%2FAgXkgZSKt99x%2FhYKxLz8TZR0p31MI%3D&reserved=0>
> , *pra*
> <https://eur03.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https:%2F%2Fsanskrit.inria.fr%2FDICO%2F44.html%23prasa~nj&data=02%7C01%7C%7C678b400d42874594b0b208d75200a285%7C7ab090d4fa2e4ecfbc7c4127b4d582ec%7C0%7C0%7C637068035020629781&sdata=gZustBbSkORjVMnh3WBsVgH%2F7rZjrcT5PtmHA4eMlR4%3D&reserved=0>
> , *sam*
> <https://eur03.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https:%2F%2Fsanskrit.inria.fr%2FDICO%2F66.html%23sa.msa~nj&data=02%7C01%7C%7C678b400d42874594b0b208d75200a285%7C7ab090d4fa2e4ecfbc7c4127b4d582ec%7C0%7C0%7C637068035020629781&sdata=%2FGoyBY%2BYPrbk3fad0l%2BzN1LzomEXPd6VUi7cRKuNVsE%3D&reserved=0>
> *)* adhérer — ps. *(sajjate)* être attaché à, être suspendu à
>
>
> *Monier Williams : *
>
> [* sajj *]2 ( = √ [* sañj
> <https://eur03.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https:%2F%2Fsanskrit.inria.fr%2FMW%2F276.html%23sa~nj&data=02%7C01%7C%7C678b400d42874594b0b208d75200a285%7C7ab090d4fa2e4ecfbc7c4127b4d582ec%7C0%7C0%7C637068035020639777&sdata=UcUhE5%2FNwGB1jZOv5i4UjjEk0xiLy49sqqrW8kLH%2F5A%3D&reserved=0>* ]
> ; cf. [ *sajjaya
> <https://eur03.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fsanskrit.inria.fr%2FMW%2F276.html%23sajjaya&data=02%7C01%7C%7C678b400d42874594b0b208d75200a285%7C7ab090d4fa2e4ecfbc7c4127b4d582ec%7C0%7C0%7C637068035020639777&sdata=%2BxTgjazLKvWReSQc7MxcfXJRz6AjXcQkUM82ovxUGd4%3D&reserved=0>* ]
> ) , Caus. [* sajjayati *] , to cling , adhere , fasten or fix or attach
> to (loc.) Lit. Kathās. ; to fix (the mind) upon Lit. BhP. ; to cause one's
> self to be embraced (by other men) Lit. Mn. viii , 362.
>
> [ sañj ]2 Root ( or [ saj ] ) cl. [1] P. ( Lit. Dhātup. xxiii , 18) [
> sájati ] ( rarely Ā. [ °te ] ; pf. [ sasañja ] Lit. Br. ( in some rare and
> doubtful cases in Lit. MBh. and Lit. Ragh. [ sasajja ] ) ; 3. pl. [ sejuḥ ]
> Lit. ŚBr. ; aor. [ asāṅkṣīt ] , [ sāṅkṣīt ] , UP. ; [ asañji ] Lit. Br. ; [
> ásakthās ] , [ °ta ] Lit. RV. Lit. Br. ; Prec. [ sajyāt ] Gr. ; fut. [
> saṅktā ] , [ saṅkṣyati ] Lit. ib. ; inf. [ saktum ] Lit. MBh. ; [ saṅktos ]
> Lit. Br. ; ind.p. [ -sajya ] , [ -sáṅgam ] Lit. ib. ) , to cling or stick
> or adhere to , be attached to or engaged in or occupied with (loc.) Lit.
> Br. Lit. Ragh. Lit. Naish. : Pass. [ sajyáte ] ( generally [ sajjate ] ,
> ep. also [ °ti ] ) , to be attached or fastened , adhere , cling , stick
> (with [ na ] , " to fly through without sticking " , as an arrow) Lit. ŚBr.
> ; to linger , hesitate Lit. MBh. Lit. R. ; to be devoted to or intent on or
> occupied with (loc.) Lit. MBh. Lit. Kāv. : Caus. [ sañjayati ] (aor. [
> asasañjat ] ; for [ sajjayati ] see √ [ sajj ] ) , to cause to stick or
> cling to , unite or connect with (loc.) Lit. Bhag. Lit. Śaṃk. : Desid. [
> sisaṅkṣati ] see [ ā-√ sañj ] : Intens. [ sāsajyate ] , [ sāsaṅkti ] Gr. (
> ( cf. accord. to some , Lat. (segnis) ; Lith. (segu4) , " I attach. " )
>
>
> *Böthlingk & Roth:*
>
> sañj , sajati Dhātup. 23, 18  (saṅge, pariṣvaṅge). P. 6, 4, 25.  Vop. 8,
> 102.  asāṅkṣīt (s. u. pra), sasañja, sasañjatus und sasajatus Vop.  asaktaḥ
> saṅkṣyāmi (vgl. unter ā und Kār. 2 aus Siddh.  zu P. 7, 2, 10 );
> partic. sakta .
> 1) *anhängen, zusammenhängen* Śāṅkh. Br. 24, 1.  yad adya dugdhaṃ
> pṛthivīm asakta *sich hängen an* Tbr. 1, 4, 3, 3.
> — 2) act. *hängen bleiben, sich anheften*: sasañjuḥ (sasajjuḥ ed. Calc.)
> — mattebhakaṭeṣu phalareṇavaḥ Ragh. 4, 47.
> — 3) pass. sajyate *hängen* (intrans.) *an* Śat. Br. 10, 2, 6, 8. 14, 6,
> 9, 28. 11, 6.  gewöhnlich mit Assimilation sajjate (episch auch sajjati,
> welches Dhātup. 7, 22  als bes. Wurzel in der Bed. gatau angefuhrt wird;
> etc……
>
> — anu
> 1) act.
> a) *behängen*: ātmānaṃ rasena Śat. Br. 7, 3, 1, 3.
> — b) *hinzufügen* Pār. Gṛhy. 1, 5. 8.
> — 2) pass.
> a) °sajyate
> α) *hängen bleiben —, haften an* (loc.): dharmapūte ca manasi nabhasīva
> na jātu rajo 'nuṣajyate Daśak. 64, 18.  *sich anschliessen* Comm. zu Vs.
> Prāt. 4, 173.
> — β) *sich wieder anschliessen* so v. a. *aus dem Vorangehenden
> nachgelten, - zu ergänzen sein*: saṃnidhānād evety anuṣajyate Comm.
> zu Kap. 1, 98.  Sāh. D. 238, 4.
> — b) °ṣajjate
> α) *sich Jmd* (acc.) *anschliessen* so v. a. *auf dem Fusse folgen*: gopās
> tam anvasajjanta śakaṭaiḥ Bhāg. P. 10, 39, 33. 83, 34.
> — β) *hängen an* so v. a. *sich hingeben, sich beschäftigen mit, mit den
> Gedanken, mit dem Herzen bei Etwas* (loc.) *sein*: indriyārtheṣu,
> karmasu Bhag. 6, 4.  kuśale karmaṇi  18, 10.  kāye Bhāg. P. 4, 20,
> 5.  draviṇe  11, 23, 23.
>
>
>
> Puis encore dans :
>
> *Wackernagel*, Vol 1, p163 : jj < jy
>
>
>
>
> *Kale* : Higher Sanskrit Grammar App II p 138:
>
>
>
>
>
> Bref, je n’ai rien trouvé de règle solide qui explique le jj ! Renou parle
> de géminations en général, mais j’avoue ne pas avoir compris….
>
> J’attends vos commentaires !
>
> Bonne soirée,
> Edmond
>
>
>
> –––––––––––––––––––
> Christophe Vielle <https://uclouvain.be/en/directories/christophe.vielle>
> Louvain-la-Neuve
>
>
>
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