[INDOLOGY] yamas and niyamas

Sat Nov 26 00:09:18 UTC 2016

MEA CULPA:

Thanks to Steve Farmer for pointing out to me that the edition I was
relying on of the Haṭha-Yoga-Pradīpikā, Pancham Singh's edition originally
published in 1914, conflates Brahmānanda's "Jyotsnā" commentary with the
original text. The list of the 10 yamas and 10 niyamas comes from the
commentary, not from the HYP itself.

Here's a better edition that clearly separates text and commentary (see p.
14 of this edition for Brahmānanda's list of yamas and niyamas):
https://archive.org/details/hathayogapradipika

My confusion was, in a way, an illustration of the larger point of my
previous email: there were various commonly cited lists of 10 yamas and 10
niyamas floating around in the first and second millennia CE. Some of them
include compassion as one of the 10 yamas. Yoga practitioners (and
professors!) tend to get these lists and texts mixed up.

Andrew

Andrew J. Nicholson
Associate Professor
Graduate Studies Director
Asian & Asian American Studies
Stony Brook University
Stony Brook, NY 11794-5343
(631) 632-4030
http://philosophicalrasika.com/
<http://sbsuny.academia.edu/AndrewNicholson>

On Fri, Nov 25, 2016 at 5:15 PM, Andrew Nicholson <
andrew.nicholson at stonybrook.edu> wrote:

> Dear Patrick,
>
> If you are looking for compassion (karuṇā) in Patañjali, you will find it
> at YS 1.33, as you probably know. It is a value espoused by Patañjali, just
> not as a yama.
>
> Many theistic yoga texts post-Patañjali (i.e., of the Pañcarātras and
> Pāśupatas) list 10 yamas and 10 niyamas, not five. Some of these include
> compassion (kṛpā or dayā) as one of their 10 yamas. But I don’t know how
> far back these traditions of 10 go before Patañjali.
>
> For most modern yogis, the most influential late medieval yoga text is
> Svātmarāma's Haṭha-Yoga-Pradīpikā, which lists 10 yamas and 10 niyamas (see
> 1.18-19). One of the 10 yamas is compassion (dayā). Nowadays yoga
> practitioners often conflate Pātañjala and Haṭha Yoga traditions--could
> this be a source of your respondent's ideas?
>
> Best wishes,
> Andrew
>
> Andrew J. Nicholson
> Associate Professor
> Graduate Studies Director
> Asian & Asian American Studies
> Stony Brook University
> Stony Brook, NY 11794-5343
> (631) 632-4030
> http://philosophicalrasika.com/
> <http://sbsuny.academia.edu/AndrewNicholson>
>
>
>
>> ---------- Forwarded message ----------
>> From: patrick mccartney <psdmccartney at gmail.com>
>> To: Indology List <indology at list.indology.info>
>> Cc:
>> Date: Thu, 24 Nov 2016 15:49:01 +1100
>> Subject: [INDOLOGY] yamas and niyamas
>> Dear Friends,
>>
>> A recent respondent of mine asserted that 'service' and 'compassion' were
>> 2 of the 10 yamas and niyamas. I guess ahiṃsā *could* be indirectly
>> translated as 'compassion' for others by being 'non-violent', however,
>> 'service' as in 'seva' does not find any mention in the PYS list, which is
>> what my respondent was referring to.
>>
>> While the ideas of 'service' and 'compassion' show a lack of critical
>> understanding of the normative, institutionalised convention, I find it
>> fascinating how these canonised ideas evolve in a meme-like way,
>> unregulated in the minds of yoga practitioners (my respondent is a
>> professional yoga teacher). As *many* practitioners of modern yoga
>> assume this list has 'stood the test of time' and is as an a priori
>> concept, this has made me think about the historicity and development of
>> the yamas and niyamas as singular ideas, and as a conjoined pair.
>>
>> Might it be correct to say that they were first standardised in the PYS
>> as 10? Were there any other lists that had a greater or lesser number prior
>> to the PYS?  (I'm thinking in a similar way to the development of the
>> ṣadcakratantra, and how there were other texts that discussed alternate
>> numbers/locations, etc)
>>
>> Might someone be able to  lead me to a better understanding of the
>> development of the yamas and niyamas? I looked through the search option of
>> the list but couldn't really find any discussion that pertained
>> specifically to my request. Although the discussions on whether some texts
>> place a concept in the yama as opposed to the niyama category are quite
>> interesting.
>>
>>
>> Thank you.
>>
>>
>> All the best,
>>
>> Patrick McCartney, PhD
>> Fellow
>> School of Culture, History & Language
>> College of the Asia-Pacific
>> The Australian National University
>> Canberra, Australia, 0200
>>
>>
>> Skype - psdmccartney
>> Phone + Whatsapp:  +61 414 954 748
>> Twitter - @psdmccartney
>>
>>
>> academia <https://anu-au.academia.edu/patrickmccartney>
>>
>>    -
>>
>> Linkedin
>> <https://www.linkedin.com/profile/view?id=241756978&trk=nav_responsive_tab_profile>
>>
>> Edanz
>> <https://www.edanzediting.com/expert/anthropology/patrick-mccartney>
>>
>> #yogabodyANU2016 symposium <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X80KxW2bb0w>
>> <http://chl.anu.edu.au/news-events/events/658/yoga-and-body-past-and-present-symposium?#tab>
>>
>> Ep1 - Imagining Sanskrit Land <https://youtu.be/jMi7tkPBbJ4>
>>
>> Ep 2 - Total-am <https://youtu.be/7tAp8m9RHPU>
>>
>> Ep 3 - Jalam ≠ Chillum <https://youtu.be/cLZeuCT_mwQ>
>>
>> Ep 4 - It's Time to get Married
>> <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_B3un7aHEAc>
>>
>> A Day in our Ashram
>> <https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=ek+din+hamaare+ashram+mein>
>>
>> Stop animation short film of Shakuntala
>> <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LVqBD_2P4Pg>
>>
>> Forced to Clean Human Waste <http://youtu.be/y3XfjbwqC_g>
>>
>> One of my favourite song
>> <http://trinityroots.bandcamp.com/track/all-we-be>s
>>
>> The Philosophy of Cycling
>> <http://elibrary.com.ng/UploadFiles/file0_2221.pdf>
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>
>> ---------- Forwarded message ----------
>> From: "Clough, Bradley" <Bradley.Clough at mso.umt.edu>
>> To: patrick mccartney <psdmccartney at gmail.com>
>> Cc: Indology List <indology at list.indology.info>
>> Date: Thu, 24 Nov 2016 07:43:51 +0000
>> Subject: Re: [INDOLOGY] yamas and niyamas
>> Dear Patrick,
>>
>> The 5 yamas are identical to Jainism’s 5 mahavratas. I assume the
>> mahavratas predate the list of yamas in the PYS. I’m sure someone more
>> expert than I in Jainism could tell you what date they first appear in Jain
>> scriptures.
>>
>> Best Wishes,
>> Brad
>>
>>
>> Dr. Bradley S. Clough
>> Liberal Studies/Asian Religions
>> LA 101
>> The University of Montana
>> 32 Campus Drive
>> Missoula, MT 59812
>>
>> bradley.clough at mso.umt.edu<mailto:bradley.clough at mso.umt.edu>
>> Phone: 406-243-2837
>> Fax: 406-243-4076
>>
>> On Nov 23, 2016, at 9:49 PM, patrick mccartney <psdmccartney at gmail.com
>> <mailto:psdmccartney at gmail.com>> wrote:
>>
>> Dear Friends,
>>
>> A recent respondent of mine asserted that 'service' and 'compassion' were
>> 2 of the 10 yamas and niyamas. I guess ahiṃsā could be indirectly
>> translated as 'compassion' for others by being 'non-violent', however,
>> 'service' as in 'seva' does not find any mention in the PYS list, which is
>> what my respondent was referring to.
>>
>> While the ideas of 'service' and 'compassion' show a lack of critical
>> understanding of the normative, institutionalised convention, I find it
>> fascinating how these canonised ideas evolve in a meme-like way,
>> unregulated in the minds of yoga practitioners (my respondent is a
>> professional yoga teacher). As many practitioners of modern yoga assume
>> this list has 'stood the test of time' and is as an a priori concept, this
>> has made me think about the historicity and development of the yamas and
>> niyamas as singular ideas, and as a conjoined pair.
>>
>> Might it be correct to say that they were first standardised in the PYS
>> as 10? Were there any other lists that had a greater or lesser number prior
>> to the PYS?  (I'm thinking in a similar way to the development of the
>> ṣadcakratantra, and how there were other texts that discussed alternate
>> numbers/locations, etc)
>>
>> Might someone be able to  lead me to a better understanding of the
>> development of the yamas and niyamas? I looked through the search option of
>> the list but couldn't really find any discussion that pertained
>> specifically to my request. Although the discussions on whether some texts
>> place a concept in the yama as opposed to the niyama category are quite
>> interesting.
>>
>>
>> Thank you.
>>
>>
>> All the best,
>>
>> Patrick McCartney, PhD
>> Fellow
>> School of Culture, History & Language
>> College of the Asia-Pacific
>> The Australian National University
>> Canberra, Australia, 0200
>>
>>
>> Skype - psdmccartney
>> Phone + Whatsapp:  +61 414 954 748
>> Twitter - @psdmccartney
>>
>>
>> academia<https://anu-au.academia.edu/patrickmccartney>
>>
>>   *
>>
>> Linkedin<https://www.linkedin.com/profile/view?id=241756978&
>> trk=nav_responsive_tab_profile>
>>
>> Edanz<https://www.edanzediting.com/expert/anthropology/patrick-mccartney>
>>
>> #yogabodyANU2016 symposium<https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X80KxW2bb0w> <
>> http://chl.anu.edu.au/news-events/events/658/yoga-and-body-
>> past-and-present-symposium?#tab>
>>
>> Ep1 - Imagining Sanskrit Land<https://youtu.be/jMi7tkPBbJ4>
>>
>> Ep 2 - Total-am<https://youtu.be/7tAp8m9RHPU>
>>
>> Ep 3 - Jalam ≠ Chillum<https://youtu.be/cLZeuCT_mwQ>
>>
>> Ep 4 - It's Time to get Married<https://www.youtube.co
>> m/watch?v=_B3un7aHEAc>
>>
>> A Day in our Ashram<https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=ek+din+h
>> amaare+ashram+mein>
>>
>> Stop animation short film of Shakuntala <https://www.youtube.com/watch
>> ?v=LVqBD_2P4Pg>
>>
>> Forced to Clean Human Waste<http://youtu.be/y3XfjbwqC_g>
>>
>> One of my favourite song<http://trinityroots.bandcamp.com/track/all-we-be
>> >s
>>
>> The Philosophy of Cycling<http://elibrary.com.ng
>> /UploadFiles/file0_2221.pdf>
>>
>>
>>
>>
>> _______________________________________________
>> INDOLOGY mailing list
>> INDOLOGY at list.indology.info<mailto:INDOLOGY at list.indology.info>
>> indology-owner at list.indology.info (messages to the list's managing
>> committee)
>> http://listinfo.indology.info (where you can change your list options or
>> unsubscribe)
>>
>>
>>
>> ---------- Forwarded message ----------
>> From: Dominik Wujastyk <wujastyk at gmail.com>
>> To: Mark McClish <mark.mcclish at northwestern.edu>
>> Cc: Arlo Griffiths <arlogriffiths at hotmail.com>, indology <
>> INDOLOGY at list.indology.info>
>> Date: Thu, 24 Nov 2016 09:11:34 -0700
>> Subject: Re: [INDOLOGY] two arthaśāstra sources
>> Some manuscripts of the Cākṣuṣīya are listed in NCC v.7, p.1.  It's
>> described as a work in 67 sutras "with elaboration and sārthasaṅgrahasūtras
>> under each sūtra".
>>
>> 
>> --
>> Professor Dominik Wujastyk <http://ualberta.academia.edu/DominikWujastyk>
>> ,
>>
>> Singhmar Chair in Classical Indian Society and Polity
>> ,
>>
>> Department of History and Classics
>> <http://historyandclassics.ualberta.ca/>
>> ,
>> University of Alberta, Canada
>> .
>>
>> South Asia at the U of A:
>>
>> sas.ualberta.ca
>> 
>>
>>
>> On 18 November 2016 at 12:46, Mark McClish <mark.mcclish at northwestern.edu
>> > wrote:
>>
>>> Dear Arlo,
>>>
>>> I believe those references are to the *Arthaśāstra* commentaries
>>> *Jayamaṅgalā* and *Cāṇakyaṭīkā*. The *Cākṣuṣīya *is supposed to be an
>>> independent work.
>>>
>>> I have since found the following entry in Singh’s *Bibliography of
>>> Kautiliya Arthasastra*:
>>>
>>> 459. Ramakrishna, Kavi, M. "Caksusiya." Journal of Sri Venkatesvara
>>> Oriental Institute, Vol. 4, Part 1, 1943, pp. 123-128, Vol. 6, Part 2, pp.
>>> 33-53.
>>>
>>> 460. Ramakrishna, Kavi, M. " Chakshushiya: an ancient work on
>>> Arthasastra." Annals of Sri Venkatesvara Oriental Institute, Vol. 1, part
>>> 4, 1940, pp. 79-89.
>>>
>>> Does anyone know where these might be available online?
>>>
>>> All best,
>>> Mark
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> On Nov 17, 2016, at 11:38 AM, Arlo Griffiths <arlogriffiths at HOTMAIL.COM>
>>> wrote:
>>>
>>> Dear Mark,
>>>
>>> Could the second item be the one whose accurate bibliography is
>>> elaborately stated in n. 49 of von Hinüber's 2005 article on
>>> bhūmicchidranyāya <http://www.jstor.org/stable/43382108
>>> <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.jstor.org_stable_43382108&d=CwMF_w&c=yHlS04HhBraes5BQ9ueu5zKhE7rtNXt_d012z2PA6ws&r=0VMy4AVIL7ZKIaC4sH1Pm49PWgKJk0KFb86IpzVGC5E&m=NNmM5LkoQZ2u-iubFrAi6y-J9gCAZzg-hP1VasMcmBw&s=7l0EE4Ma2FHT1PbQYkraYLyyc1ovF3C0u3eS5liGHBs&e=>
>>> >?
>>>
>>> Best wishes,
>>>
>>> Arlo Griffiths
>>>
>>>
>>> www.jstor.org
>>> <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.jstor.org_stable_43382108&d=CwMF_w&c=yHlS04HhBraes5BQ9ueu5zKhE7rtNXt_d012z2PA6ws&r=0VMy4AVIL7ZKIaC4sH1Pm49PWgKJk0KFb86IpzVGC5E&m=NNmM5LkoQZ2u-iubFrAi6y-J9gCAZzg-hP1VasMcmBw&s=7l0EE4Ma2FHT1PbQYkraYLyyc1ovF3C0u3eS5liGHBs&e=>
>>> www.jstor.org
>>> Title: Der bhūmicchidranyāya Created Date: 20160807204254Z
>>>
>>>
>>> ------------------------------
>>> *From:* INDOLOGY <indology-bounces at list.indology.info> on behalf of
>>> Mark McClish <mark.mcclish at northwestern.edu>
>>> *Sent:* Wednesday, November 16, 2016 7:54 PM
>>> *To:* indology
>>> *Subject:* [INDOLOGY] two arthaśāstra sources
>>>
>>> Dear friends,
>>>
>>> I’m having trouble locating two sources on arthaśāstra, and I hoped
>>> someone on the list might be able to help me. I give here the bibliographic
>>> information as I have it.
>>>
>>> *1. Ruben, W. 1929. Study in the Arthaśāstra. Dharwar.* (This is cited
>>> in Sternbach’s *Bibliography of Kauṭilya Arthaśāstra*, which has a
>>> number of errors, as well as, at least, Botto’s article on
>>> *dvaidhībhāva* in *India Maior*). Worldcat has the following, but I
>>> couldn’t get it from the British Library to see if it is the same:
>>>
>>> <image002.jpg>
>>>
>>> *2. Kavi, Ramakrishna. [title unknown: multiple articles on and text of
>>> the Cākṣuṣīya Arthaśāstra]. Journal of the Venkatesvara Oriental Institute.
>>> 1:79-89; 3:99-116; 4:123-128; 4:129-140; 6:129-140(?). *This comes from
>>> Kane I p. 152ff.
>>>
>>> With thanks in advance for any help hunting down any of these.
>>>
>>> All best,
>>> Mark
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> _______________________________________________
>>> INDOLOGY mailing list
>>> INDOLOGY at list.indology.info
>>> indology-owner at list.indology.info (messages to the list's managing
>>> committee)
>>> http://listinfo.indology.info (where you can change your list options
>>> or unsubscribe)
>>>
>>
>>
>>
>> ---------- Forwarded message ----------
>> From: Dominik Wujastyk <wujastyk at gmail.com>
>> To: Harry Spier <hspier.muktabodha at gmail.com>
>> Cc: Peter Scharf <scharfpm7 at gmail.com>, Indology <
>> indology at list.indology.info>
>> Date: Thu, 24 Nov 2016 09:21:01 -0700
>> Subject: Re: [INDOLOGY] Diacriticals in unicode, single or multiple glyphs
>> Dear Harry, the documentation in the "document header" of each SARIT file
>> notes that the encoding is IAST, and notes where that differs from the ISO
>> standard.  Thus, the document header of the Astangahrdayasamhita file, to
>> pick one at random, has this statement:
>>
>> Editorial Description
>>
>> The published edition from which this e-text was transcribed is printed
>> in the Devanāgarī script. The electronic text below is in a lossless
>> transliteration using the Latin alphabet. The transliteration scheme used
>> is the IAST (The International Alphabet of Sanskrit Transliteration
>> <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Alphabet_of_Sanskrit_Transliteration>).
>> IAST differs in small ways from ISO 15919, but is preferred by most working
>> Sanskrit scholars. Conversion of this file to ISO 15919 can be achieved by
>> performing the following replacements throughout the file: ṛ -> r̥ and ṃ ->
>> ṁ
>>
>> Text divison is as Devanāgarī ("ityevam" not "ity evam".)
>>
>> Initial vowel elision for avagraha is reversed and marked with a + sign:
>> e.g., "prathamo+adhyāyaḥ"
>>
>>
>> The principle behind the SARIT repository is that the e-texts should be
>> documented, so that any quirks or editorial decisions are explict and
>> up-front.   In addition, there is a revision history for each file.  So if
>> you take the file and do something to it, you brieflly note what you've
>> done before re-uploading the file.
>>
>> Best,
>> Dominik
>>
>>
>> 
>> --
>> Professor Dominik Wujastyk <http://ualberta.academia.edu/DominikWujastyk>
>> ,
>>
>> Singhmar Chair in Classical Indian Society and Polity
>> ,
>>
>> Department of History and Classics
>> <http://historyandclassics.ualberta.ca/>
>> ,
>> University of Alberta, Canada
>> .
>>
>> South Asia at the U of A:
>>
>> sas.ualberta.ca
>> 
>>
>>
>> On 18 November 2016 at 18:23, Harry Spier <hspier.muktabodha at gmail.com>
>> wrote:
>>
>>> I've just looked at the Sanskrit Library, SARIT and GRETIL texts and I
>>> see that these use IAST transliteration for anusvara (dot under m) while
>>> Muktabodha digital library uses ISO15919 for anusvara (dot on top of m).
>>>
>>> Harry Spier
>>>
>>> On Fri, Nov 18, 2016 at 11:57 AM, Peter Scharf <scharfpm7 at gmail.com>
>>> wrote:
>>>
>>>> Dear list members,
>>>> The Sanskrit Library transcoding facility on line at
>>>> http://sanskritlibrary.org/transcodeText.html does indeed transcode to
>>>> Romanization using the preferred Unicode composites of characters plus
>>>> diacritics.  Our off-line transcoding software
>>>>
>>>>    - TranscodeFile (Java program)
>>>>    <http://sanskritlibrary.org/software/transcodeFile.html>
>>>>
>>>>  which is downloadable from http://sanskritlibrary.org/downloads.html has
>>>> a large array of transcoders one of which transcodes to Romanization using
>>>> precomposed Unicode characters that include diacritics.  The problem with
>>>> searching that Harry Spier mentions is just one of a number of reasons why
>>>> Malcolm Hyman and I designed the Sanskrit Library phonetic encoding for all
>>>> our linguistic programming, including both the encoding of texts and
>>>> searching, and use Unicode only for display, and data input if desired
>>>> (though for the latter purpose SLP and most other meta-encodings are
>>>> preferable).  Our book *Linguistic Issues in Encoding Sanskrit*
>>>> available at http://sanskritlibrary.org/publications.html discusses
>>>> the issues comprehensively.
>>>>
>>>> Yours,
>>>> Peter
>>>>
>>>> On Fri, Nov 18, 2016 at 6:28 PM, Harry Spier <
>>>> hspier.muktabodha at gmail.com> wrote:
>>>>
>>>>> Dear list members,
>>>>>
>>>>> In unicode you can write characters with diacriticals with either a
>>>>> single glyph or you can combine the character with the diacritical writing
>>>>> it in two glyphs.
>>>>>
>>>>> This is a problem when one searchs sanskrit etexts.
>>>>>
>>>>> For example, the letters with diacriticals in the Muktabodha digital
>>>>> library are written with one glyph and as far as I can see GRETIL does the
>>>>> same thing.  But the transcoding utility at  "The Sanskrit Library"
>>>>> http://sanskritlibrary.org/transcodeText.html
>>>>> combines letters with their diacriticals in two glyphs.
>>>>>  So if you used the Sanskrit Library utility to create a
>>>>> transliterated word such as for example: *śākti* and then searched
>>>>> texts from either GRETIL or Muktabodha for that word your search wouldn't
>>>>> find anything.
>>>>>
>>>>> Thanks,
>>>>> Harry Spier
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>> _______________________________________________
>>>>> INDOLOGY mailing list
>>>>> INDOLOGY at list.indology.info
>>>>> indology-owner at list.indology.info (messages to the list's managing
>>>>> committee)
>>>>> http://listinfo.indology.info (where you can change your list options
>>>>> or unsubscribe)
>>>>>
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>
>>>> --
>>>> *******************
>>>> Peter M. Scharf
>>>> scharfpm7 at g <peter.scharf at univ-paris-diderot.fr>mail.com
>>>> *******************
>>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> _______________________________________________
>>> INDOLOGY mailing list
>>> INDOLOGY at list.indology.info
>>> indology-owner at list.indology.info (messages to the list's managing
>>> committee)
>>> http://listinfo.indology.info (where you can change your list options
>>> or unsubscribe)
>>>
>>
>>
>>
>> ---------- Forwarded message ----------
>> From: Dominik Wujastyk <wujastyk at gmail.com>
>> To: Harry Spier <hspier.muktabodha at gmail.com>
>> Cc: Indology <indology at list.indology.info>
>> Date: Thu, 24 Nov 2016 09:30:36 -0700
>> Subject: Re: [INDOLOGY] Diacriticals in unicode, single or multiple glyphs
>> On this issue of combining accents or single pre-combined glyphs, Andrew
>> Ollett has already stated the issues.  The Unicode Consortium's
>> documentation about this business is at
>>
>>    - http://unicode.org/reports/tr15/
>>
>> As Andrew said, the terminology is "Normalization Form," and there are
>> several of these, and quite a few points to consider when writing programs
>> to work with Unicode.  The Unicode consortium makes available algorithms
>> for dealing with all this, and modern text-processing software libraries
>> for Unicode are commonly aware of Normalization Forms and "do the right
>> thing," so the end-user doesn't have to worry.
>>
>> This doesn't always work, though.  I find that when I cut-n-paste from
>> WorldCat, for example, into JabRef, all the accented letters are retained
>> in NFD format, and it's annoying.
>>
>> Mostly, when we talk about typing IAST with pre-composed, single-glyph
>> characters like ā, we're doing what the Unicode people call "Normal Form
>> Composed" or NFC.  The files in SARIT and elsewhere are in this format.
>>
>> Best,
>> Dominik
>>
>>
>>
>>
>> 
>> --
>> Professor Dominik Wujastyk <http://ualberta.academia.edu/DominikWujastyk>
>> ,
>>
>> Singhmar Chair in Classical Indian Society and Polity
>> ,
>>
>> Department of History and Classics
>> <http://historyandclassics.ualberta.ca/>
>> ,
>> University of Alberta, Canada
>> .
>>
>> South Asia at the U of A:
>>
>> sas.ualberta.ca
>> 
>>
>>
>> On 18 November 2016 at 05:58, Harry Spier <hspier.muktabodha at gmail.com>
>> wrote:
>>
>>> Dear list members,
>>>
>>> In unicode you can write characters with diacriticals with either a
>>> single glyph or you can combine the character with the diacritical writing
>>> it in two glyphs.
>>>
>>> This is a problem when one searchs sanskrit etexts.
>>>
>>> For example, the letters with diacriticals in the Muktabodha digital
>>> library are written with one glyph and as far as I can see GRETIL does the
>>> same thing.  But the transcoding utility at  "The Sanskrit Library"
>>> http://sanskritlibrary.org/transcodeText.html
>>> combines letters with their diacriticals in two glyphs.
>>>  So if you used the Sanskrit Library utility to create a transliterated
>>> word such as for example: *śākti* and then searched texts from either
>>> GRETIL or Muktabodha for that word your search wouldn't find anything.
>>>
>>> Thanks,
>>> Harry Spier
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> _______________________________________________
>>> INDOLOGY mailing list
>>> INDOLOGY at list.indology.info
>>> indology-owner at list.indology.info (messages to the list's managing
>>> committee)
>>> http://listinfo.indology.info (where you can change your list options
>>> or unsubscribe)
>>>
>>
>>
>> _______________________________________________
>> INDOLOGY mailing list
>> INDOLOGY at list.indology.info
>> http://list.indology.info/mailman/listinfo/indology_list.indology.info
>>
>>
>

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