Legal constraints (la "Loi Toubon") [Re: Language barriers --- financial barriers

[elisa freschi]

> I am under the impression that in Italy, a Ph.D. thesis
> must be in italian.
MA thesis must be in Italian (I know of only one exception),
whereas PhD thesis are normally written in Italian, but if
the PhD committee members agree they can also be written in
English. In the last five years this happens many times, but
it is by far not the rule.
elisa freschi
(research felow, University 'Sapienza' Rome, Italy)

----- Original Message -----
Da : Alexandra Vandergeer <avandergeer at PLANET.NL>
A : INDOLOGY at liverpool.ac.uk
Oggetto : Re: Legal constraints (la "Loi Toubon") [Re:
Language barriers --- financial barriers
Data : Thu, 19 Mar 2009 14:37:44 +0100

> Same is valid for Greek universities: PhD theses should be
> written in Greek. There is, however, a change, it is under
> certain circumstances allowed to write in English (but
> with permission from all committee members, so forget it).
>  
> Alexandra
> 
> ________________________________
> 
> Van: Indology namens Jean-Luc Chevillard
> Verzonden: do 19-3-2009 14:25
> Aan: INDOLOGY at liverpool.ac.uk
> Onderwerp: Legal constraints (la "Loi Toubon") [Re:
> Language barriers --- financial barriers
> 
> 
> 
> As a contribution to the debate, I would like to mention
> another parameter, namely the legal constraints that vary
> from country to country.
> 
> It is (in normal conditions) against the law to write a
> Ph.D. thesis in English if you study at a French
> university.
> 
> See the following link:
> 
> <http://www.dglf.culture.gouv.fr/droit/loi-fr.htm>
> 
> where you will find the "Article 11", of the "LOI n°
> 94-665 du 4 août 1994 relative à l'emploi de la langue
> française" (known as "Loi Toubon") which says:
> 
> "La langue de l'enseignement, des examens et concours,
> ainsi que des thèses et mémoires dans les
établissements
> publics et privés d'enseignement est le français, sauf
> exceptions justifiées par les nécessités de
l'enseignement
> des langues et cultures régionales ou étrangères ou
> lorsque les enseignants sont des professeurs associés ou
> invités étrangers."
> 
> I have heard that in Germany a Ph.D. thesis can be written
> in English, but I would like to have confirmation of that
> fact.
> 
> I am under the impression that in Italy, a Ph.D. thesis
> must be in italian.
> 
> What is the situation in India? Is it possible to write a
> Ph.D. thesis in Sanskrit?
> 
> The consequence of the French legal constraints is that a
> French Ph.D. thesis in the field of Indology has to be
> translated into English before it can hope to reach an
> international audience (and translation into Sanskrit, or
> Tamil, can probably only be viewed as a third step).
> 
> Of course, there are people in France who realize that
> this situation is problematic, but there are other people
> who fight strongly against any change.
> 
> 
> -- Jean-Luc Chevillard (CNRS, Université Paris-Diderot
> Paris 7)
> 
> 
> veeranarayana Pandurangi a écrit :
> > Certainly, I welcome prof. Kiparsky's suggestion.
> >
> > It is what suggested by me there in hyderabad seminar.
> > What I pointed is that Prof. Kiparsky, prof. Houben,
> > prof. Stall and very few others have contributed very
> > much grammatical tradition of panini, on the subject
> that prof. Houben spoke there. But most of these
> > researches are in english, which is mostly onknown to
> > most of the very good traditional Samskrita scholars who
> fortunatley still are keeping alive the panini's
> > tradition. simlar is the case of other shastras still
> > rigorously studied in India, Nyaya, Vyakarana, Mimamsa,
> Vedanta, Sahitya. [...] >
> >
> > Hence those writing in socalled international language
> > i.e. English should also publish in samskrita (not
> > sanskrit) and technical language that includes and that
> > is original to paninian tradition, then the intended
> result can be acheived. people should be made aware of
> > these things. Many of you may know oldtimer pandita
> manners very well while visiting india. >
> > [....]
> >
> > Similarly people should practice writing in sanskrit.
> > Sure I know that will have their no impact on their
> > career in US universities and elsewhere, but then
> english writing will have no result though writer may
> become profesor. >
> > I dont say it is solely the fault of people writing in
> > english or language itself, the sin is shared by Pandits
> > also by not responding to these writngs. but then there
> > come all the barriers. we have a strike a balance to
> overcome it. By writing in Samskrita one will only
> > contribute more  to language he studies, and nothing
> udesired thing will happen. >
> > This is what I spoke in Hyderabad.
> >
> > It is upto the scholars to workout.
> > veeranarayana
> >
> >
> > On Thu, Mar 19, 2009 at 9:21 AM, Paul Kiparsky
> > <kiparsky at csli.stanford.edu>wrote:
> >
> >  
> >> If you want your work to be accessible to
> linguistically disjoint >> audiences, why write it up in
> just one language?   In smaller European >> countries it
> is, or at any rate used to be, usual to publish one's work
> both >> in English (or German) in an international journal
> , and locally in the >> national language.  For
> English-speaking Indologists, the comparable >> practice
> would be to publish both an English version in an
> international >> journal or book, and a Hindi, Tamil, or
> Sanskrit version in India.  As Jan >> Houben reported here
> on March 3, summaries of the talks at the recent Third >>
> International Sanskrit Computational Linguistics Symposium
> were made >> available both in English and in Sanskrit. 
> The traditional philologists and >> pandits who attended
> the conference welcomed the Sanskrit version as a step >>
> to overcoming the language barrier and establishing mutual
> understanding >> with English-speaking Indologists and
> computational linguists. >>
> >> Paul Kiparsky
> >>
> >>
> >>
> >> On Mar 18, 2009, at 5:09 PM, Simon Brodbeck wrote:
> >>
> >> On Friday 6 March 2009, Jean-Luc Chevillard wrote: "The
> more languages one >>    
> >>> knows, the better."
> >>>
> >>> Few would disagree. But that is from the perspective
> of the consumer or >>> recipient of texts. Active
> researchers are also producers of texts, and must >>>
> produce them in one language or another. From this
> perspective, one's work >>> will be inaccessible to those
> who lack facility with the language in which >>> it is
> presented; and the choice of language is therefore a
> choice of >>> audience.
> >>>
> >>> On the issue of financial barriers, it is an ongoing
> source of >>> embarrassment and bemusement to myself and
> many of my contemporaries that >>> the journals and
> publishers we have been led to believe are most highly >>>
> esteemed by our institutional elders (in whose hands our
> careers lie) tend >>> to be those which most of our
> desired audience cannot access. One cannot but >>> suppose
> that, as a result, most of the discourse that there is on
> >>> indological subjects occurs in contexts systematically
> ignorant of certain >>> recent discoveries in indology.
> >>>
> >>> The UK Arts and Humanities Research Council has been
> funding a higher and >>> higher fraction of British
> indological research in recent years. My >>> perception is
> that the AHRC are increasingly concerned to ensure that
> the >>> projects they fund have outputs accessible beyond
> the university sector. >>> Perhaps, then, pretty soon,
> projects whose principal written outputs are not >>> to be
> made freely available online will simply not be publicly
> funded. >>>
> >>> Simon Brodbeck
> >>> Cardiff University
> >>>
> >>>      
> >
> >
> >