[INDOLOGY] ODP: Direct Realism of Nyāya

[Lee Ling Ting]

Thank you so much, Lubomir!
This is great!
I haven't checked back on their website since April.

Thanks to Ram, too, for mentioning Matilal's Perception.

Best,
Lee Ling



On Fri, Jun 14, 2024 at 8:47 PM Lubomír Ondračka <ondracka at ff.cuni.cz>
wrote:

> Ganeri's lecture series mentioned by Alex is available here (MP3,
> handouts, slides):
>
> https://www.philosophy.ox.ac.uk/john-locke-lectures
>
> He talked on the distinction between naive and direct realism mainly in
> the first lecture.
>
> L.
>
>
>
> On 14/06/2024 13:14, Lee Ling Ting via INDOLOGY wrote:
>
> Dear Alex, Olena, and Matthew,
>
> Thank you so much for the information.
> They are all very helpful.
> I will check out the articles/books mentioned.
>
> Alex, is there anywhere to have access to Ganeri's lecture notes or videos
> where I can find his discussion on the distinction between direct realism
> and naive realism?
>
>
> Best,
> Lee Ling
>
>
>
> On Fri, Jun 14, 2024 at 8:10 PM Alex Watson <alex.watson at ashoka.edu.in>
> wrote:
>
>> Dear Lee Ling
>>
>> Did you have a definition of direct realism in mind?
>>
>> If you're interested in Nyāya sources in particular, and not Mīmāṃsā
>> sources, you could start by looking at the earliest commentaries on
>> Nyāyasūtra 1.1.4.  The sūtra itself admits of too many interpretations to
>> be decisive.
>>
>> Thanks to Professor Łucyszyna for mentioning Watson & Kataoka (2010): it
>> is available on my academia.edu page:
>> https://ashokauniversity.academia.edu/AlexWatson
>>
>> By the way, Jonardon Ganeri's recent John Locke lectures distinguish, as
>> some but not all contemporary philosophers of perception do, between direct
>> realism and naive realism.  He argues that early Nyāya should properly be
>> seen as naive realist, not direct realist; and that Matilal was wrong to
>> depict it as mere direct realism.
>>
>> Best
>> Alex
>>
>> On Fri, Jun 14, 2024 at 12:07 PM Ołena Łucyszyna via INDOLOGY <
>> indology at list.indology.info> wrote:
>>
>>> Dear Lee Ling,
>>>
>>> the *nirākāra-(jñāna-)vāda* (advocated by the Naiyāyikas, the
>>> Mīmāṃsakas, the Jainas, and the Vaibhāṣika Buddhists) can be called direct
>>> realism. The earliest text that formulates the* nirākāra *standpoint
>>> and sparks the *nirākāra*—*sākāra* debate is probably Śabara’s
>>> *Śābarabhāṣya* (to be more precise, the Vṛttikāra’s commentary cited by
>>> Śabara in* Śābarabhāṣya* I, 1, 5). Śabara’s commentator Kumārila Bhaṭṭa
>>> presents well-developed argumentation for the *nirākāra-vāda *in his *Ślokavārttika
>>> *(V, 4, the *Śūnyavāda *section). These two sources belong to Mīmāṃsā.
>>> The Nyāya source advocating the *nirākāra-vāda* I am familiar with is
>>> Bhaṭṭa Jayanta’s *Nyāyamañjarī. * For Bhaṭṭa Jayanta’s defence of the
>>> *nirākāra-vāda*, see
>>>
>>> Kataoka, K. (2003). Critical edition of the *Vijñānādvaitavāda* section
>>> of Bhaṭṭa Jayanta’s *Nyāyamañjarī*.
>>> https://www2.lit.kyushu-u.ac.jp/~kkataoka/Kataoka/NMvijR.pdf.
>>> Watson, A., & Kataoka, K. (2010). Bhaṭṭa Jayanta’s refutation of the
>>> Yogācāra Buddhist doctrine of Vijñānavāda: Annotated translation and
>>> analysis. *South Asian Classical Studies*, *5*, 285–352.
>>>
>>> This is one of many valuable publications I can recommend: Sinha, J.
>>> (1938). *Indian realism*. Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner & Co.
>>>
>>> The *nirākāra-vāda* can be called direct realism, but the *sākāra-vāda*
>>> has no correspondence in Western philosophy. The *sākāra-vāda *encompasses
>>> two very different theories: indirect realism (representationalism) and
>>> phenomenalism.
>>>
>>> With best regards,
>>> Olena
>>> --
>>> Ołena Łucyszyna, Dr. habil., Professor of the Institute
>>> <http://www.iksiopan.pl/index.php/en/structure/research-staff/867-olena-lucyszyna-phd-dr-habil>
>>> of Mediterranean and Oriental Cultures
>>> Polish Academy of Sciences
>>> Nowy Świat 72
>>> 00-330 Warsaw
>>> ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6972-649X
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> ------------------------------
>>> *Od:* INDOLOGY <indology-bounces at list.indology.info> w imieniu
>>> użytkownika Lee Ling Ting via INDOLOGY <indology at list.indology.info>
>>> *Wysłane:* piątek, 14 czerwca 2024 10:06
>>> *Do:* Indology List <indology at list.indology.info>
>>> *Temat:* [INDOLOGY] Direct Realism of Nyāya
>>>
>>> Dear members of the list,
>>>
>>> Greetings!
>>> I have a question to ask.
>>> What are some of the earliest Nyāya sources that * explicitly *spell out that
>>> Naiyāyikas uphold direct realism (not just realism)? I'd appreciate it if
>>> you could point me in the right direction.
>>> Thank you!
>>>
>>> Best regards,
>>> Lee Ling
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> _______________________________________________
>>> INDOLOGY mailing list
>>> INDOLOGY at list.indology.info
>>> https://list.indology.info/mailman/listinfo/indology
>>>
>>
>>
>> --
>> Alex Watson
>> Professor of Indian Philosophy, Ashoka University
>>
>> *https://ashokauniversity.academia.edu/AlexWatson
>> <https://ashokauniversity.academia.edu/AlexWatson>*
>>
>
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