[INDOLOGY] Avagraha (or lack of) in Kashmiri manuscripts

Thu May 11 19:54:46 UTC 2023

Apologies you are correct.  See attachment (the first sign is avagraha, the
second sharada sandhi mark

On Thu, May 11, 2023 at 3:47 PM Jan Kučera <jan.kucera at matfyz.cz> wrote:

> *> But I noticed from this font that unicode Sharada has one code point
> for avagraha (#11c1) and another for Sharada sandhi mark (#11c9) and in
> this font the two characters are identical (same size, same shape, same
> position).*
>
>
>
> How did you find that? They seem different to me, avagraha is spacing and
> the sandhi mark is non-spacing, smaller and lower, as expected:
>
>
>
>
>
> The Google Fonts specimen website shows them different too:
>
>
>
>
>
> Thanks,
>
> Jan
>
>
>
> *From:* INDOLOGY <indology-bounces at list.indology.info> *On Behalf Of *Harry
> Spier via INDOLOGY
> *Sent:* Thursday, May 11, 2023 8:36 PM
> *To:* Dominik Wujastyk <wujastyk at gmail.com>
> *Cc:* Indology Indology listserve <indology at list.indology.info>
> *Subject:* Re: [INDOLOGY] Avagraha (or lack of) in Kashmiri manuscripts
>
>
>
> Dominik wrote:
>
> My book *Metarules of Paninian Grammar* was partly based on Raghunatha
> MSS and they were definitely copied from Śāradā originals.  I discussed the
> reasons in my introduction.  For example, several character-pairs are
> confused, that are similar in Śāradā but quite different in Devanāgarī.
>
>
>
> Still available at a reasonable price for indological books:
> https://www.amazon.com/Metarules-Paninian-Grammar-Paribhasavrtti-Critical/dp/812083982X
>
>
>
> Also the  Sharada unicode font I was looking.  at was a google unicode
> font Noto Sans Sharada . So if anyone needs a Sharada font the link is:
> https://fonts.google.com/noto/specimen/Noto+Sans+Sharada
>
>
>
> But I noticed from this font that unicode Sharada has one code point for
> avagraha (#11c1) and another for Sharada sandhi mark (#11c9) and in this
> font the two characters are identical (same size, same shape, same
> position).  In manuscripts are Sharada avagraha and sandhi mark identical?
> If so it seems strange that unicode has two different code points based on
> the usage of this one sign.
>
>
>
> Harry Spier
>
>
>
>
>
> Best,
>
> Dominik
>
>
>
> On Wed, 10 May 2023 at 19:54, Harry Spier via INDOLOGY <
> indology at list.indology.info> wrote:
>
> Thank you to all the knowledgeable people who answered both on and
> off-list. Sven Ekelin, Deepro Chakraborty, Dominik Wujastyk, Lubomire
> Ondracka,  Wlater Slaje, Jonathan Silk, Sweta Prajapati, Charles DiSimone,
> Elliot Stern, Charles Li.
>
>
>
> I wonder if this folio 6a from ajñānadhvāntadīpikā (attached) also from
> Ragunath temple in Jammu like the other manuscripts, confirms that the
> devanagari manuscripts are copying Sharada originals. This is the only
> avagraha in the entire manuscript(circled with a blue line).  I had thought
> this was an insert, but looking at a Sharada font, this appears to be the
> position and size of the Sharada avagraha.  So maybe the scribe just absent
> mindedly wrote it in the way it was in the Sharada original.
>
>
>
> Harry Spier
>
>
>
>
>
> On Tue, May 9, 2023 at 4:42 AM Walter Slaje <walter.slaje at gmail.com>
> wrote:
>
> Here are my humble suggestions:
>
>
>
> *Kaulārcanadīpikā 43b*
>
> Avagraha erroneously placed after, instead before, *yaṃ*: *loko yaṃ* ’ → *loko
> ’yaṃ*
>
>
>
> *57a*
>
> The two dots written on top of each other (visarga) were misread or
> accidentally misspelled (or simply give the wrong impression through
> blurred ink) as being an avagraha:
>
> *mokṣa’syād* → *mokṣaḥ syād*
>
>
>
> *Dakṣiṇāmūrtisaṃhitā 21a*
>
> As above (*57a*):
>
> *ṛṣi’syād* → *ṛṣiḥ syād*
>
>
>
> So apparently also *55b*.
>
>
>
> *Mudrāprakāśaḥ* *11a*
>
> Appears to indicate word separation
>
>
>
> *21a/30a*
>
> Word separation and/or exegetical function: separating the conditional
> clause (*yadi syād*) from the main clause.
>
>
>
> Similarly *18a*: separating the scope of *iti* from the definiendum.
>
>
>
> Regards,
>
> WS
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
> Am So., 7. Mai 2023 um 22:20 Uhr schrieb Harry Spier via INDOLOGY <
> indology at list.indology.info>:
>
> It was suggested offlist that the unusual avagrahas may be used as a gap
> filler.  At his request I'm attaching a pdf of the folios with the unusual
> avagrahas circled.
>
> Thanks,
>
> Harry Spier
>
>
>
>
>
> On Sun, May 7, 2023 at 9:35 AM Harry Spier <vasishtha.spier at gmail.com>
> wrote:
>
> Thank you Elliot,
>
> I've been going through transcriptions of a group of manuscripts from the
> Ragunath Temple, Jammu and in the eloquent words of Charles DiSimone who
> replied offlist in describing some Nepalese manuscripts, its a mishmash.
>
>
>
> Some don't have have avagraha. Some have one or two in a whole manuscript
> and some use avagraha.  Where manuscripts use avagraha to elide a afte e or
> o they also use avagraha to indicate ā+a .
>
>
>
> But in some cases I'm finding avagraha in places strange places. I've
> checked these following cases against the actual manuscripts which are in
> archive.org.  For example:
>
> dakṣiṇāmūrtisaṁhitā
>
> ऋषिऽस्याद्दक्षिणामूर्तिर्गायत्रीछंद उच्यते ।। 4 ।। folio 21a
>
> अंते जीवऽशिवस्या तु विद्या वरुण पूजिता ।। 43 ।। folio 55b
>
>
>
>  kaulārcanadīpikā
>
>  लोकोयंऽजुगुप्सिति folio 43b
>
> निःसंग एव मोक्षऽस्याद्दोषाः सर्वे च संगजाः । folio 57a
>
>
>
> mudrāprakāśaḥ
>
> शिखयागालिनीं मुद्रामऽर्धस्यो परिचालयेत् । folio 11a
>
> अनामा मध्यमे अंगुष्टेन स्पृशेदित्यऽपानमुद्रा ।। 2 ।। folio 18a
>
> स्यादऽपानहुतौ मुद्रा ।। 2 ।। folio 21a
>
> मध्यापृष्टेंऽगुष्टौ मध्या क्रोडे स्थितौ कामः काम इति काममुद्रेत्यर्थः ।। 19 ।। folio 30a
>
> Any explanation for the use of avagraha in these cases would be
> appreciated.
>
> If anyone wants to look at the actual manuscript I can provide the images
> for these cases.
>
>
>
> Harry Spier
>
>
>
>
>
> On Sat, May 6, 2023 at 10:18 AM Elliot Stern <emstern1948 at gmail.com>
> wrote:
>
> Dear Harry,
>
>
>
> The use of avagraha to mark elision of an initial short a is not usual in
> Sanskrit mss. MacDonell,  for example,  says in his Sanskrit Grammar for
> Students (page 5):
>
>
>
> The elision of अ a at the beginning of a word is marked in
>
> European editions with the sign ऽ called Avaagraha ('separation'); e.g.
> तेऽपि te 'pi for ते अपि te pi.
>
>
>
> Best wishes,
>
>
>
> Elliot
>
>
>
> On May 5, 2023, at 9:14 PM, Harry Spier via INDOLOGY <
> indology at list.indology.info> wrote:
>
>
>
> Dear list members,
>
> I'm looking at the manuscript ajñānadhvāntadīpikā by somanāthaḥ
>
> As far as I can tell there are no avagrahas in the manuscript.
>
> For example if you look at the end of line 5 on the attached 1st folio
>
> The end of verse 5 is संन्यासाःसप्रयोगाश्चवक्ष्यन्तेत्रसमासतः ५
>
> Anirban Dash (and several others pointed out that this should be
>
> संन्यासाःसप्रयोगाश्चवक्ष्यन्तेऽत्रसमासतः ५
>
> As far as I can see there are no avagrahas  anywhere in the manuscript.
>
> Is this normal or unusual for Kashmiri manuscripts not to use avagraha.
>
>
>
> The manuscript can be downloaded from egangotri on archive.org from
> https://archive.org/details/AgyanDhvantaDeepikaShriSomnath4966Alm22Shlf4DevanagariTantra_201708
>
>
>
> Thanks,
>
> Harry Spier
>
> <VERSE 5.pdf>
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>
>
> Elliot M. Stern
>
> 552 South 48th Street
>
> Philadelphia, PA 19143-2029
>
> emstern1948 at gmail.com
>
> 267-240-8418
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
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