Re: [INDOLOGY] vekurañja

Sun Nov 22 11:00:32 UTC 2020

> “A hinny is [...] the offspring of a male horse (a stallion) and a female
donkey (a jenny)."
Is there a Skt term for a hinny?

Cp. Mokṣopāya  I.38.8:
aviśrāntamanāḥ śūnyam āyur ātatam īhate |
duḥkhāyaiva vimūḍho 'ntar garbham *aśvatarī* yathā ||

Bhāskarakaṇṭha explains it as follows:
"aśvatarī"* kharastriyām aśvāj jātā* vaḍavā | tasyā "garbhaḥ" kukṣipāṭanaṃ
vinā na niryāti (Mokṣopāyaṭīkā on I.13.8)

Cp. the translation by Roland Steiner (Wiesbaden 2014: p.52):
13.8 Ein innerlich verwirrter [Mensch, dessen] Denken *(manas)* nicht
beruhigt [ist], strebt nach einem leeren, ausgedehnten Leben, [das einem]
nichts anderes als Leiden [einträgt], wie eine *Mauleselstute*[1] <#_ftn1>
eine Leibesfrucht [begehrt].

------------------------------

[1] <#_ftnref1> Eine Mauleselstute (Vater: Pferdehengst; Mutter:
Eselstute) kann nach Bhāskarakaṇṭha nur mit Kaiserschnitt gebären; MṬ I *ad*
13.8: *aśvatarī kharastriyām aśvāj jātā vaḍavā / tasyā garbhaḥ kukṣipāṭanaṃ
vinā na niryāti*.

pw offers a series of entries of Sanskrit words for "Maulthier" (= "mule"):

https://nws.uzi.uni-halle.de/search?lang=de&utf8=%E2%9C%93&q=&m=&t=maulthier&d=&type=&ntype=&cat=&ncat=&c=&v=&merge=on

and gives one entry for "Maulesel" (= "hinny"), namely dvijātīya. Schmidt
adds "°pāraśama":

https://nws.uzi.uni-halle.de/search?lang=de&utf8=%E2%9C%93&q=&m=&t=maulesel&d=&type=&ntype=&cat=&ncat=&c=&v=&merge=on

Kind regards,

WS

Am So., 22. Nov. 2020 um 10:48 Uhr schrieb Dan Lusthaus via INDOLOGY <
indology at list.indology.info>:

> I also found Dhadpale’s idea convincing.
>
> As to whether there were āgama versions, the answer is yes, but not
> currently available in an Indic language, only in Chinese translation. In
> addition to the Madhyama-āgama passage I posted, there is a version of
> the Assalāyana sutta that was translated as an independent text: Fanzhi
> eboluoyan wen zhong zun jing, 梵志頞波羅延問種尊經 (Sutra on questions to Buddha
> about caste from the brahmin Ebulouyan=Assalāyana), translated by 竺曇無蘭 Zhu
> Tanwulan (*Dharmarakṣa, *Dharmaratna), a Central Asian monk in the late 4th
> c. Since it expands the discussion a bit, I translate it here. Like the
> Madhyama-āgama version, it omits the problematic word, unless the word was
> glossed instead of translated. But it adds an additional equine
> reproductive set:
>
> 《梵志頞波羅延問種尊經》卷1：「頞波羅延言：「我種自說言勝餘種。」
> 佛告頞波羅延：「有驢父馬母，馬[7]為生子，名是何等？」
> 頞波羅延言：「名騾。父亦不字為騾，母亦不字為騾。」
> 「若何以字為騾？」
> 「我先祖呼作騾，我隨言騾。」
> 「有馬父驢母，驢[8]為生子，若名為何等字為駏驉？父亦不字為駏驉，母亦不字為駏驉，若何知為駏驉？」
> 「我先祖呼為駏驉，因隨言駏驉。」」(CBETA, T01, no. 71, p. 877, b29-c7)
> [7]〔為〕－【宋】【元】【明】。[8]為生…為＝生子名是【宋】【元】【明】。
>
> Ebulouyan said, “Those of my type (= caste) say that we are better than
> the other types.”
> Buddha replied to Eboluoyan: “There is an ass father and a horse mother.
> The horse gives birth to a child. What is it called?”
> Ebulouyan said: “It’s called a mule. The father is not designated as a
> mule, nor is the mother designated as a mule.”
> [Buddha asks]: Why then do you designate it as a mule?
> [Ebulouyan]: “The patriarchs who preceded me called it a mule, and I
> follow them in saying it is a mule.”
> [Buddha]: “There is a horse father and an ass mother. The ass gives birth
> to a child. Would that be called a 駏驉 juxu (English: hinny)? [1] Neither is
> the father designated as a juxu, nor is the mother designated as a juxu. So
> how do you know it as a juxu?
> [Ebulouyan]: “The patriarchs who preceded me called it a juxu, so for that
> reason I follow them in saying it is a juxu.”
>
> —
> 1. 駏驉 juxu “By some accounts a mythical horselike beast; other accounts
> give it as the offspring of a stallion and female donkey.” (CJKVE-D). In
> English this is called a hinny. “A hinny is a domestic equine hybrid that
> is the offspring of a male horse (a stallion) and a female donkey (a
> jenny). It is the reciprocal cross to the more common mule, which is the
> product of a male donkey (a jack) and a female horse (a mare). The hinny is
> distinctive from the mule both in physiology and temperament as a
> consequence of genomic imprinting.”
> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinny
>
> Is there a Skt term for a hinny?
>
> Dan
>
> On Nov 21, 2020, at 10:17 PM, Madhav Deshpande via INDOLOGY <
> indology at list.indology.info> wrote:
>
> Along the lines of Professor Dhadphale's suggestion for *vekurañja *as
> coming from Skt. *dvaikulajanya*, there are expressions like *dvaimātura*,
> *ṣāṇmātura etc. *The term *dvyāmuṣyāyaṇa* refers to a son with two
> fathers, one legal and the other biological. The sons born out of the
> so-called *niyoga *"levirate" are described with this term.  The term *kuṇḍa
> *used in the passage has a meaning of "out of wedlock," but having a dual
> connection, suggesting something unnatural, illegal.   So *dvaikulajanya* sounds
> like a very possible source.  I wonder if there is a northern Sanskrit
> āgama version.  I read from earlier messages that the non-Pali versions
> translated into Chinese show that this term was eliminated from the text,
> possibly being considered some sort of an error.
>
> Madhav M. Deshpande
> Professor Emeritus, Sanskrit and Linguistics
> University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
> Senior Fellow, Oxford Center for Hindu Studies
> Adjunct Professor, National Institute of Advanced Studies, Bangalore, India
>
> [Residence: Campbell, California, USA]
>
>
> On Sat, Nov 21, 2020 at 2:58 PM Martin Straube via INDOLOGY <
> indology at list.indology.info> wrote:
>
>> Dear Artur, Rolf & Dan,
>>
>> following a note in my files I see that M.G. Dhadphale has suggested
>> an etymology of the word in question in 1974. Please find the article
>> attached. This may or may not be helpful too.
>>
>> With best wishes
>> Martin
>>
>>
>>
>> --
>> Martin Straube
>> Research Fellow in Pali Lexicography
>> Pali Text Society
>>
>> Philipps-Universität Marburg
>> Indologie und Tibetologie
>> Deutschhausstrasse 12
>> 35032 Marburg
>> Germany
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