Re: [INDOLOGY] kośa or koṣa?

[Madhav Deshpande]

I have seen the interchangeable use of कोश/कोष in published books from
Maharashtra धर्मकोश/न्यायकोश, but मीमांसाकोष, and this variation is also
seen in the Marathi usage of these words.  The popular Marathi poem is
written as त्या फुलांच्या गंधकोषी rather than as गंधकोशी.  But you have
भारतीय-संस्कृति-कोश, ज्ञानकोश etc. and शब्दकोश/कोष almost with equal
frequency.  This variation is facilitated by the fact that while श and ष
are distinguished in Marathi writing, they are not distinguished in
pronunciation, except by a few ultra-conscious Sanskritists of Pune like
the Late Professor Arjunwadkar in my memory.  Here is a good example of
this variation on the same page:

[image: image.png]
Madhav M. Deshpande
Professor Emeritus, Sanskrit and Linguistics
University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
Senior Fellow, Oxford Center for Hindu Studies

[Residence: Campbell, California, USA]


On Mon, May 11, 2020 at 4:15 PM Harry Spier via INDOLOGY <
indology at list.indology.info> wrote:

> From Monier-Williams 2 names of works ending in  koṣa and  89 names of
> works ending in kośa (I haven`t listed words that aren`t names of works).,
>
> amarakoṣa
> dharmakoṣa
>
> abhidharmakośa
>  uddhārakośa
>  ekākṣarakośa
>  ekākṣarābhidhānakośa
>  kathākośa
>  candrakośa
>  deśīkośa
>  deśīyarājaśekharakośa
>  dvaṃdvādikośa
>  dvirūpakośa
>  dviruktikośa
>  dvyarthakośa
>  dhanaṃjayakośa
>  dharaṇikośa
>  dharmakośa
>  dhātukośa
>  nakṣatrakośa
>  nāṭakaratnakośa
>  nānārthakośa
>  nānārthaśabdakośa
>  nāmamālākośa
>  nārāyaṇacakravartikośa
>  nighaṇṭukośa
>  nīlakaṇṭhakośa
>  nyāyakośa
>  pañcarūpakośa
>  padārthakaumudīkośa
>  padārthakaumudīsārakośa
>  pāṭhyaratnakośa
>  pāṇinīyasūtrasārakośa
>  prajñākośa
>  prabandhakośa
>  prākṛtakośa
>  prākṛtacchandaḥkośa
>  bījakośa
>  bṛhadamarakośa
>  brahmakośa
>  bharatadvirūpakośa
>  bhāratamālākośa
>  bhāvaprakāśakośa
>  bhāvaratnakośa
>  maṅkhakośa
>  madhukośa
>  mantrakośa
>  mantraratnakośa
>  mantraratnāvalīkośa
>  mantroddhārakośa
>  mahālakṣmīratnakośa
>  mātṛkākośa
>  mātṛkābijakośa
>  mādhavakośa
> yādavakośa
> raghunandanakośa
> ratnakośa
> rabhasakośa
> rasaratnakośa
> rājavyavahārakośa
> rādhākṛṣṇakośa
> rāmāśramoddhārakośa
> rudrakośa
> vararucikośa
> vastukośa
> vastuvijñānaratnakośa
> vāgbhaṭakośa
> vikramādityakośa
> viśvakośa
> vṛttamaṇikośa
> vṛddhakośa
> vedāntaratnakośa
> vratakośa
> śabdakośa
> śarvakośa
> śastrakośa
> śivakośa
> śuddhatākośa
> śṛṅgārakośa
> śrīguṇaratnakośa
> sakośa
> saṃkhyāratnakośa
> sādhyakośa
> sārasvatakośa
> subhāṣitaratnakośa
> strīkośa
> smṛtiratnakośa
> svararatnakośa
>  harakośa
>  haimakośa
>
> Harry Spier
>
> On Mon, May 11, 2020 at 6:40 PM Dan Lusthaus via INDOLOGY <
> indology at list.indology.info> wrote:
>
>> Dear Dominik,
>>
>> Others may provide a more informed account — like you, this is not
>> something I’ve given much thought to — but a quick look at the Digital
>> Corpus of Sanskrit, while still only representing a limited albeit
>> important range of Sanskrit literature, lists nearly 500 instances for
>> kośa, starting with Ṛg Veda (41 occurrences), Atharvaveda (13 occurrences),
>> Chāndogyopaniṣad (3 occurrences), Aṣṭādhyāyī (Aṣṭādhyāyī, 4, 3, 42.0
>> <http://www.sanskrit-linguistics.org/dcs/index.php?contents=texte&PhraseID=526840>
>>  *kośāḍ* ḍhañ ||),  Buddhacarita (4 occurrences), Hitopadeśa (10x), not
>> to mention Abhidharmakośa, Amarakośa, and so on, but only 4 instances of
>> koṣa (Nighantuśeṣa 1x, Viṣṇupurāṇa 1x, and Āryāsaptaśatī 2x), the nod would
>> seem to overwhelmingly favor kośa. The term can have a range of meanings
>> aside from encyclopedic compendium or lexicon, so many of those instances
>> may reflect a variety of different meanings.
>>
>> best,
>> Dan
>>
>> On May 11, 2020, at 5:54 PM, Nathan McGovern via INDOLOGY <
>> indology at list.indology.info> wrote:
>>
>> Dominik, this doesn't really answer your question, but in Thai (which
>> admittedly does often spell Sanskrit words in non-standard ways, especially
>> in pre-modern texts) the spelling โกษ (koṣa), is quite common, perhaps even
>> preferred, especially in the title โกษาธิบดี (koṣādhipati), which was the
>> official in change of the Phra Khlang, or treasury, in Ayutthaya.
>>
>> Nathan McGovern
>>
>> University of Wisconsin-Whitewater
>> On 5/11/2020 4:38 PM, Dominik Wujastyk via INDOLOGY wrote:
>>
>> I always thought the first, with ś, was correct, and the second was just
>> an orthographic error.  Then I saw "-koṣa" on the title page of Ingalls's
>> *Subhāṣitaratnakoṣa*
>> <https://archive.org/details/ananthologyofsanskritprosepoetrysubhashitaratnakoshakosadanielingallsh.h.univers/page/n2/mode/2up>.
>> He must have thought about this.
>>
>> So which is "right" and why?
>>
>> Best,
>> Dominik
>>
>> PS I haven't even done elementary due diligence on this question, beyond
>> MW.
>>
>>
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