Re: [INDOLOGY] Source of the post-position ने in Hindi

[Dick Plukker]

Thomas Oberlies, /A Historical Grammar of Hindi/ (2005:29), wisely 
refrains from giving an etymological explanation for the Hindi 
postposition ने. In note 8 he refers to L.A. Schwarzschild, Collected 
Articles (1991:93), who "surmises that the Prakrit/Apabhramsha 
postposition तणय-  is continued by Hindi and Gujarati ने and Marathi नें/निं."

S.H. Kellogg, /A Grammar of the Hindi language/, repr. 1965, p. 131-2, 
shows with a number of arguments - the main of which is the fact that 
"/ne/ cannot be traced back further than two or three hunderd years" - 
that this postposition cannot be related to the Sanskrit instrumental 
-/ena. /His conclusion: "... we are thus at once led to connect it, like 
the /nai, nai_n/, and /ná/, which in some Western Hindi dialects are 
substitued for /ko/, - through the Naipali /le/, with the root 
/lag/;//the order of the derivation being as follows: Sk. past. 
part.act. /lagya/, Pr. /laggio/, H. /lagi, lai, le , ne/."

It seems that the final word on the origin of /ne/ has not yet been spoken.
/
/ Stay safe.

Dick Plukker
Amsterdam

Op 12-4-2020 om 19:15 schreef Madhav Deshpande via INDOLOGY:
> To me, it is clear that there is no direct link between the Sanskrit 
> instrumental -ena and Modern Marathi forms like देवाने.  Old Marathi 
> has देवें, and at some point -ने in singular and -नी in plural 
> emerge.  It is unlikely that Marathi would be reverting directly to 
> Sanskrit in this late phase.  The old Marathi inscription has 
> चामुंडरायें करवियले, where Modern Marathi would have चामुंडरायाने 
> करविले.  G. V. Tulpule in his यादवकालीन मराठी भाषा provides many forms 
> that have a similar ending, i.e गंगराजें, दंडनाकें, सावंतें etc. and 
> the plural forms like गुरवीं, पंडितीँ, म्हाइंभटीं etc.  The endings 
> that appear in Modern Marathi are not there in the Marathi of the 
> Yadava period.  But ज्ञानेश्वरी has a few forms like तेणे and जेणे and 
> देवाचेनि, indicating that the endings ने/नि do exist at least 
> marginally in Old Marathi.  Some have connected this to the influence 
> of Kannada in the neighborhood.  However, the endings -ने/नी are to be 
> seen in the Marathi of the Peshwa period and then they continue into 
> Modern Marathi.
>
> Madhav M. Deshpande
> Professor Emeritus, Sanskrit and Linguistics
> University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
> Senior Fellow, Oxford Center for Hindu Studies
>
> [Residence: Campbell, California, USA]
>
>
> On Sun, Apr 12, 2020 at 9:06 AM Madhav Deshpande <mmdesh at umich.edu 
> <mailto:mmdesh at umich.edu>> wrote:
>
>     Dear Indologists,
>
>          What is the historical source for the post-position ने in
>     Hindi and ने/नी  in Marathi?  I see some folks connect this
>     directly with the instrumental ending -एन, as in फलेन.  At least
>     in Marathi, I noticed Jules Bloch saying this this -एन simply
>     becomes एं, as in देवें केले in Old Marathi.  But then what is the
>     source of देवाने/देवांनी  in Modern Marathi and ने in राम ने?  Any
>     suggestions?
>
>     Madhav M. Deshpande
>     Professor Emeritus, Sanskrit and Linguistics
>     University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
>     Senior Fellow, Oxford Center for Hindu Studies
>
>     [Residence: Campbell, California, USA]
>
>
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