[INDOLOGY] Deccan College sanskrit ditionary

Sun Aug 12 15:22:00 UTC 2018

The "classical" apavyaya- seems to hark back to the root vyā/vī [PW/pw =
MW/Apte "vye"] + prefix apa, not to "vyay/vyaya" as ultimately derived from
the root i.
This is why Graßmann/PW/pw/MW relate the prefix apa exclusively to
vyā/vī/vye, but never to "vyay". See also Ch. Werbas "Verba Indoarica", pp.
411 f.

Usage of apa + vyā/vye is already attested in the Rigveda, semantically
perhaps still somewhat remote, yet not absolutely distant from the meaning
it acquires in the classical period:

RV 6.75.7d    ánapavyayantaḥ

RV 7.81.1c    ápo máhi vyayati cákṣase támo

Best,

WS

-----------------------------
Univ.-Prof. Dr. Walter Slaje
Hermann-Löns-Str. 1
D-99425 Weimar
Deutschland

Ego ex animi mei sententia spondeo ac polliceor
studia humanitatis impigro labore culturum et provecturum
non sordidi lucri causa nec ad vanam captandam gloriam,
sed quo magis veritas propagetur et lux eius, qua salus
humani generis continetur, clarius effulgeat.
Vindobonae, die XXI. mensis Novembris MCMLXXXIII.

Am So., 12. Aug. 2018 um 15:49 Uhr schrieb Madhav Deshpande via INDOLOGY <
indology at list.indology.info>:

> Dear Dan,
>
>      Thanks for these two references to apavyayamāna in old texts.  I just
> checked Kangle's translation of the Arthaśāstra passage and he translates
> this as "if the officer denies all charges."  I did find the ManuS, 8,
> 51.1
> <https://kjc-sv013.kjc.uni-heidelberg.de/dcs/index.php?contents=texte&PhraseID=22912>
>  arthe *'pavyayamānaṃ* tu karaṇena vibhāvitam / in Patrick Olivelle's
> critical edition, with numerous alternative readings.  I don't have his
> translation at hand, but Buhler translates this as "But him who denies a
> debt which is proved by good evidence."  So it looks like in both passages,
> the meaning of apavyayamāna is something like "one who denies charges."
> This is very different from the meaning of apavyaya as wasteful or improper
> use of money or time which it has in modern languages like Marathi, and
> which some of the Sanskrit dictionaries are reporting without a citation
> from a classical text.  Some of these expressions are re-entering Sanskrit
> in the modern usage of Sanskrit in meanings these expressions have in
> modern languages.
>
> Madhav M. Deshpande
> Professor Emeritus
> Sanskrit and Linguistics
> University of Michigan
> [Residence: Campbell, California]
>
>
> On Sun, Aug 12, 2018 at 6:29 AM Dan Lusthaus <prajnapti at gmail.com> wrote:
>
>> Not sure how significant this is, but the online Digital Corpus of
>> Sanskrit gives two fairly early occasions - one in Arthaśāstra and the
>> other in Manusmṛti.
>>
>> Manusmṛti
>> ManuS, 8, 51.1
>> <https://kjc-sv013.kjc.uni-heidelberg.de/dcs/index.php?contents=texte&PhraseID=22912> arthe
>> *'pavyayamānaṃ* tu karaṇena vibhāvitam /
>> Arthaśāstra
>> ArthaŚ, 2, 8, 26.1
>> <https://kjc-sv013.kjc.uni-heidelberg.de/dcs/index.php?contents=texte&PhraseID=361111> anekeṣu
>> *cābhiyogeṣvapavyayamānaḥ* sakṛd eva paroktaḥ sarvaṃ bhajeta //
>>
>> See
>> https://kjc-sv013.kjc.uni-heidelberg.de/dcs/index.php?contents=lemma&IDWord=21160
>>
>> Dan
>>
>> On Aug 12, 2018, at 9:12 AM, Madhav Deshpande via INDOLOGY <
>> indology at list.indology.info> wrote:
>>
>> Thanks, Roland, for these references.  While vyaya is a common usage
>> going back to old classical texts, the particular formation of apavyaya is
>> a relatively newer formation.  It is more common in modern languages, and
>> probably entered into Sanskrit dictionaries through the usage of some
>> Pandits who were the source for western scholars.  That is my best guess.
>>
>> Madhav M. Deshpande
>> Professor Emeritus
>> Sanskrit and Linguistics
>> University of Michigan
>> [Residence: Campbell, California]
>>
>>
>> On Sun, Aug 12, 2018 at 3:31 AM Roland Steiner via INDOLOGY <
>> indology at list.indology.info> wrote:
>>
>>> I assume that the source of MW's entry "apa-vyaya m. (√ i),
>>> prodigality, L." (MW, 1st edition 1872: "apavyaya apa-vyaya, as, m.
>>> (rt. i with apa and vi), prodigality") is probably Wilson's
>>> Sanskrit-English Dictionary: "apavyaya m. (-yaḥ) Prodigality."
>>>
>>> Cp. also Böhtlingk/Roth's PW s.v. 1. vyay:
>>>
>>> "(von vyaya), vyayati und °te verausgaben, verthun, verschleudern:
>>> kośāṃstvamavyayīḥ Bhaṭṭ. 15, 17. vāri vyayati vāride Spr. (II) 3936.
>>> kṣudramāyamanālocya vyayamānaḥ svavāñchayā  2020.  tadavaśiṣṭaṃ ca
>>> bhojanavyayena vyayitam Hit. 98, 17.  māṃsam  60, 10. — vyayayati
>>> dass. (vittasamutsaṃrge) Dhātup. 35, 78. gatau und tyāge
>>> Kavikalpadruma  im Śkdr."
>>>
>>> ≈ MW s.v. 1. vyay: "cl. 1. Ā. P. vyayati, °te (rather Nom. fr. vyaya
>>> below), to expend, spend, waste, Bhaṭṭ.; Hit.;  Subh.; cl. 10. P.
>>> vyayayati id., Dhātup. xxxv, 78; to go, move, ib."
>>>
>>> * * *
>>>
>>> See also PW s.v. vyaya:
>>>
>>> "2) b) in Verbindung mit kośasya, arthasya, vittasya, dhanasya,
>>> draviṇasya Einbusse —, Hingabe —, Verausgabung —, Aufwand eines
>>> Schatzes u. s. w.: kāle cāsya (kośasya) vyayaṃ kuryāt Kām. Nītis. 5,
>>> 87. arthasya saṃgrahe caināṃ vyaye caiva niyojayet M. 9, 11. artha°
>>> Bhāg. P. 5, 26, 36.  H. 387. vittasya (vibhūṣaṇaṃ) pātre vyayaḥ Spr.
>>> (II) 1487. vittasya corubhārasya cikīrṣansadvyayam Bhāg. P. 3, 2, 32.
>>> nijavittavyayabhayam Spr. 2380.  Sarvadarśanas. 3, 5.  dhana° Varāh.
>>> Bṛh. S. 103, 12  (°karī) . Kathās. 75, 34.  Rāja-Tar. 8, 748.  Daśak.
>>> 62, 10.  lāvaṇyadraviṇa° Spr. 2667.  Ohne solche Ergänzung Ausgabe,
>>> Aufwand (Gegens. āya, āgama, lābha) Ak. 3, 3, 17.  H. 1516.  P. 1, 3,
>>> 36.  Vop. 23, 28.  vyaye cāmuktahastā Spr. 5140.  °parāṅnukhī Yājñ. 1,
>>> 83.  °madhye Rāja-Tar. 6, 38.  Kathās. 52, 317  (pl.). nānāvyayeṣu
>>> 57, 138.  evaṃ guptanigīrṇāṃstānmṛgayasvāmuto vyayam (wohl vyaye zu
>>> lesen) so v. a. zu Ausgaben  141.  dīnārānprāggīrṇānvyayeṣvadāt
>>> 151.fg.  vibhajāvastāndīnārānasti me vyayaḥ so v. a. mir stehen
>>> Ausgaben bevor  60, 217.  Varāh. Bṛh. S. 53, 77. 79, 5. 104, 10. 18.
>>> Pañcat. 138, 4.  āyavyayau M. 8, 419.  Yājñ. 1, 326.  Mbh. 3, 8599.fg.
>>>   āye vyaye mahadduḥkham Spr. (II) 605. (I) 5055.  kriyatāṃ vyayaḥ (so
>>> ed. Bomb., vyayaṃ ed. Calc.) Mbh. 15, 393.  Mārk. P. 81, 14. nātyayaṃ
>>> ca vyayaṃ kuryāt Kām. Nītis. 5, 77.  vyayaṃ vyadhā Rāja-Tar. 4, 661.
>>> kaccidāyasyārdhena - vyayaḥ saṃśodhyate tava wird der Aufwand
>>> bestritten? Mbh. 2, 204.  tena sarvavyayasaṃśuddhiḥ saṃpadyate Pañcat.
>>> 251, 16.  kuṭumbārthe kṛto vyayaḥ M. 8, 166.  kaccinna pāne dyūte vā
>>> krīḍāsu pramadāsu ca . pratijānanti pūrvāhṇe vyayaṃ vyasanajaṃ tava ..
>>> Ausgaben für Mbh. 2, 203.  samutthāna° M. 8, 287.  tāmbūlādi° Kathās.
>>> 57, 149.  bhojana° Hit. 98, 17.  gṛha° Pañcat. 251, 18.  svalpa° Spr.
>>> 2222. 5394.  Hit. 46, 8  (°vyaye mit Johns.  zu lesen). ati° Spr. (II)
>>> 154. 1959.  Hit. 104, 15.  atula° adj. Rāja-Tar. 8, 733.  nityavyayā
>>> adj. Spr. 3132.  ardhyapātrānumitavyayasya rāghoḥ so v. a.
>>> Verausgabung alles Geldes Ragh. 5, 12.  kuḍya° Kosten Yājñ. 2, 223.
>>> Mittel zum Aufwand, Geld  2, 276.
>>>
>>> pw (= small Petersburg dictionray by Böhtlingk) s.v. vyaya: "2)b)
>>> Einbusse, Verlust. c) Hingabe, Aufopferung. kiṃ, na kuryāḥ śaravyayam
>>> warum opferst (d.i. gebrauchst) du nicht deine Pfeile? d) kośasya,
>>> arthasya, vittasya, dhanasya, draviṇasya oder in Comp. mit diesen
>>> Einbusse ~, Hingabe ~, Verausgabung ~, Aufwand eines Schatzes u.s.w.
>>> Ohne solche Ergänzung Ausgabe, Aufwand, ~ für, Kosten von (Loc. oder
>>> im Comp. vorangehend). Auch Pl. e) Mittel zum Aufwand, Geld."
>>>
>>> ≈ MW s.v. vyaya:  "m. spending, expense, outlay, disbursement (opp. to
>>> āya, ‘income’, and often with kośasya, vittasya, dhanasya &c.; without
>>> a gen. = ‘extravagance, waste, prodigality’; with loc. or ifc. =
>>> ‘outlay for or in’), Mn. ; MBh.  &c. cost, sacrifice of (gen. or
>>> comp.; vyayena ifc. = ‘at the cost of’), R. ; Kālid. wealth, money,
>>> Yājñ. ii, 276
>>>
>>> * * *
>>>
>>> pw, s.v. ativyaya:  "m. Verschwendung Spr.154."
>>>
>>> ≈ MW s.v. ativyaya: "m. lavish expenditure."
>>>
>>>
>>> Best,
>>> Roland Steiner
>>>
>>>
>>> _______________________________________________
>>> INDOLOGY mailing list
>>> INDOLOGY at list.indology.info
>>> indology-owner at list.indology.info (messages to the list's managing
>>> committee)
>>> http://listinfo.indology.info (where you can change your list options
>>> or unsubscribe)
>>>
>> _______________________________________________
>> INDOLOGY mailing list
>> INDOLOGY at list.indology.info
>> indology-owner at list.indology.info (messages to the list's managing
>> committee)
>> http://listinfo.indology.info (where you can change your list options or
>> unsubscribe)
>>
>>
>> _______________________________________________
> INDOLOGY mailing list
> INDOLOGY at list.indology.info
> indology-owner at list.indology.info (messages to the list's managing
> committee)
> http://listinfo.indology.info (where you can change your list options or
> unsubscribe)
>

-------------- next part --------------
An HTML attachment was scrubbed...
URL: <https://list.indology.info/pipermail/indology/attachments/20180812/d515e57a/attachment.htm>