[INDOLOGY] Vedic verse in Ortega y Gasset

Tue Jan 27 12:01:54 UTC 2015

27.1.15

George seems to be right. The association with *dhíyo* in the 3rd quarter
cannot escape notice. This might have clinched the issue for the poet.

That could well be intentional. Such hermeneutic value is not uncommon. The
 poet was no Indo-Europeanist. Improvised association helped him. Examples
may be had from improvised etymologies like *mātaríśvā yád ámimīta mātári *(RV
3.29.11) and *tád āpnod índro vo yatī́s tásmād ā́po… *(AVŚ 3.13.2; also AVP)
*.* If the association with *dhiyo* in the 3rd quarter was intentional then
the meaning of *dhīmahi* as intended by the poet himself might require
second thought.

There is another point. Whatever the literal meaning, how a widely known
passage has been received through the millennia deserves some attention. If
I am allowed to draw parallels, a reading though corrupt, when
traditionally accepted over the centuries is retained according to the
text-critical principles emphatically stated by Winternitz and later by
Hoffmann. Indian tradition since Skandasvāmin is unanimous in seeing the
*dhīmahi* as *dhyāyā/emaḥ*. Unfortunately there is no ancient
interpretation as the ŚB / Br.U do not give any hint, nor does the Gopatha.

Best
DB

On Tue, Jan 27, 2015 at 2:52 PM, George Thompson <gthomgt at gmail.com> wrote:

> Dear Michael,
>
> Of course, you are right [as are Jamison and Brereton] that dhimasi in the
> gayatri mantra is derived from the root dhaa-, but the following word in
> this mantra is "dhiyoh."
>
> This suggests to me that the author of RV 3.62.10 was engaged in some kind
> of word-play, or a wrong etymology.  In any case, it has been a memorable
> move.
>
> On Mon, Jan 26, 2015 at 9:57 PM, Michael Witzel <witzel at fas.harvard.edu>
> wrote:
>
>> Regarding the correct translation of the Gāyatrī, RV 3.62.10, see:
>>
>> *(*1) *Witzel-Gotō, Vd*WR*, Dec. 2013 (sent to publisher already in the
>> Summer of 2009 !):
>>
>> "Dieses, des Gottes Savitar,
>> wünschenswerte Licht möchten wir (in uns) setzen,
>> der unsere Eingebungen antreiben soll."
>>
>> = "We wish to put (into us) this desirable light of God Savitar, who
>> shall instigate our insights."
>>
>>
>> (2) *Jamison-Brereton,* OUP,  (April 2014):
>>
>> "Might we make our own that desirable effulgence of god Savitar, who will
>> rouse forth our insights."
>>
>>
>> Both recent translations take *dhīmah*i as Optative, as K. Hoffnann has
>> indicated in his *Injunktiv *long ago (1967)*:* *dhīmahi* is definitely
>> not, as usually translated so far and also just now on this list, to be
>> taken from *dhī* "think deeply"; later: "meditate"…
>>
>> The subjunctive *pracodayāt* allows both translations:  "will / shall".
>> The choice is up to interpretation.
>>
>> * VdWR; = Verlag de Weltreligionen, Frankfurt/Berlin: *Der Rig-Veda*,
>> 1st vol 2007, 2nd vol. 2013; two more vols. to follow in due course; vols.
>> Include detailed notes/commentary.
>>
>> Cheers,
>> Michael
>>
>>
>> On Jan 26, 2015, at 3:08 PM, Patrick Olivelle wrote:
>>
>> The latest and great translation by Joel Brereton and Stephanie Jamison
>> translates: "Might we make our own that desirable effulgence of god
>> Savitar, who will rouse forth our insights."
>>
>> Patrick Olivelle
>>
>>
>>
>>
>> On Jan 26, 2015, at 1:45 PM, George Hart <glhart at berkeley.edu> wrote:
>>
>> It seems to me that the relative in the third line must make this one
>> sentence, but I am not a Vedicist.  More interesting would be to know why
>> the Gāyatrī became so important and omnipresent.  (One might also remark
>> that it is emended to refer to Ganesha and other deities in almost every
>> puja).  It’s rather nice, but there are many other Vedic verses that are
>> just as nice.  What set this apart?  And why?  George
>>
>>
>> On Jan 26, 2015, at 11:38 AM, Nagaraj Paturi <nagarajpaturi at gmail.com>
>> wrote:
>>
>> Prof. Dipak Bhattacharya's response was :
>>
>> A distant reflection of RV 3.62.10 : 'I meditate upon that adorable
>> brilliance of the Begetter who may inspire our thoughts' ?
>>
>> The lines quoted were :
>>
>> *Lord, awaken us in a happy ** mood, and give us knowledge!*
>>
>>
>> The Savitri/Gayatri mantra (excluding PraNava and vyAhritis) is :
>>
>> *tát savitúr váreṇ(i)yaṃ**bhárgo devásya dhīmahi**dhíyo yó naḥ
>> prachodáyāt *
>>
>> Prof. Dipak's translation takes this as a single complex sentence with a
>> relative clause. The quoted lines have two different sentences. Taking
>> Savitri/Gayatri mantra as made up of two different sentences is found in
>> Ralph T H Griffith.
>>
>> I contributed the analysis of various meanings given to Gayatri mantra in
>> the page http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gayatri_Mantra. There, I showed
>> that taking the mantra as sAyaNa's  approach and taking it as two different
>> sentences as Griffith's approach.
>>
>> I tabulated the analysis as follows :
>>
>> *author**year**paraphrase**note*Sir William Jones
>> <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Jones_(philologist)>1807"Let us
>> adore the supremacy of that divine sun, the god-head who illuminates all,
>> who recreates all, from whom all proceed, to whom all must return, whom we
>> invoke to direct our understandings aright in our progress toward his holy
>> seat."[14] <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gayatri_Mantra#cite_note-14>Savita
>> is taken as the Sun, Like Sayana <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sayana>
>> the whole mantra is taken as one single sentence with a relative clause
>> <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relative_clause>.William Quan Judge
>> <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Quan_Judge>1893"Unveil, O Thou who
>> givest sustenance to the Universe, from whom all proceed, to whom all must
>> return, that face of the True Sun now hidden by a vase of golden light,
>> that we may see the truth and do our whole duty on our journey to thy
>> sacred seat."[15]
>> <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gayatri_Mantra#cite_note-15>Sir William
>> Jones <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sir_William_Jones> is followedSivanath
>> Sastri (Brahmo Samaj <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brahmo_Samaj>)1911"We
>> meditate on the worshipable power and glory of Him who has created the
>> earth, the nether world and the heavens (i.e. the universe), and who
>> directs our understanding."[16]
>> <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gayatri_Mantra#cite_note-16>Bhur Bhuvuh
>> Svah is taken as part of the Mantra, Like Sayana
>> <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sayana> the whole mantra is taken as one
>> single sentence with a relative clause
>> <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relative_clause>.Swami Vivekananda
>> <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swami_Vivekananda>1915"We meditate on the
>> glory of that Being who has produced this universe; may He enlighten our
>> minds."[17]
>> <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gayatri_Mantra#cite_note-Vivekananda-17>Like
>> Griffith, takes the mantra as made up of two different sentences unlike
>> Sayana <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sayana> or Sir William Jones
>> <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sir_William_Jones>S. Radhakrishnan
>> <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S._Radhakrishnan>1947, 1953
>>
>>    1. " We meditate on the effulgent glory of the divine Light; may he
>>    inspire our understanding."[18]
>>    <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gayatri_Mantra#cite_note-Radhakrishnan_1947-18>
>>    2. "We meditate on the adorable glory of the radiant sun; may he
>>    inspire our intelligence."[19]
>>    <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gayatri_Mantra#cite_note-19>
>>
>> Like Griffith, takes the mantra as made up of two different sentences
>> unlike Sayana <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sayana> or Sir William Jones
>> <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sir_William_Jones>
>>
>>
>>
>>
>> --
>> Prof.Nagaraj Paturi
>> Hyderabad-500044
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>>
>> ============
>>
>> Michael Witzel
>> witzel at fas.harvard.edu
>> <www.fas.harvard.edu/~witzel/mwpage.htm>
>> Wales Prof. of Sanskrit,
>> Dept. of South Asian Studies, Harvard University
>> 1 Bow Street,
>> Cambridge MA 02138, USA
>>
>> phone: 1- 617 - 495 3295, fax 617 - 496 8571;
>> direct line:  617- 496 2990
>>
>>
>>
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