Siva and Vishnu (was: Kinship systems)
Maran Kathirchelvan
maran_kathirchelvan at HOTMAIL.COM
Fri Nov 10 11:39:49 UTC 2000
"V.C.Vijayaraghavan" <vijay at VOSSNET.CO.UK> wrote:
>Can you tell me when do the words "Saivam" and "VaiNavam" occur
>in the Tamil literature. For example do they occur in the
>Prabhandam or Nayanmar works itself? or do they occur much
>later?
>As far as I can see these words are the Tamil translations of
>the English words Saivism and Vaishnavism. But the Tamil texts
>themselves were unaware of 'ism's. But still it would be
>interesting to know when do these two words in the sense of
>'isms's appear in the Tamil texts
Dr. Ganesan is correct. There ARE hundreds of references to Saivam.
It appears that Mr. Vijayaraghavan is not familiar with any Tamil
literature.
Perhaps that is why he wrote:
>>Well, I was expecting a few from the hundreds of examples which you know
>>i.e. of the usage of the words Saivam and VaiNavam.
So, here are a few excerpts from the references that I could find. I am
using
kan-thapurANam, maNimEkalai, periyapurANam, thEvAram, thiruman-thiram,
thiruvAsakam, and thiruviLaiyAdaRpurANam. All of them were composed
before the 14th century CE. This is not a complete list from these
references.
I typed out as many as I could but there were just too many references.
kan-thapurANam - pAyiram - vAzththu
===========================
5. vAn mukil vazAthu peyka malivaLam surakka mannan
kOn muRai arasu seyka kuRaivu ilAthu uyirkaL vAzka
n-An maRai aRangkaL oongka n-althavam vELvi malka
mEnmai koL saiva n-Ithi viLangkuka ulakam ellAm
thiru n-akarap padalam
83. aRu samayaththil kadan-tha saivaththin anRi vIdu ilathu enath theLin-thu
piRar aRiyAthu thonmai pOl irun-thu pinjsakan mIthu kan malarAl
eRi tharu thErar anpar tham kalingka ezilikaL n-anaiththalum siraththai
muRai puri silai mEl mOthinEr muthalOr muththi peRRu udaiyathu am
mUthUr
pAyirap padalam
54. ethir il saivamE pavidiyam mArkkaNdam ilingkam
mathikoL kAn-tham n-al varAkamE vAmanam maRsam
puthiya kUrmamE piramANdam ivai sivapurANam
pathumam mElavan purANam aam piramamE pathumam
kumAra purip padalam
67. av ak kAlaiyil aaRu mA mukan udai adikaL
theyvak kammiyaR koNdu oru n-akaram iyaRRis
saivath than-thira vithi uLi n-AdiyE thAthai
ev ekkAlamum n-ilaiyathOr uruvu seythiddAn
mArk kaNdEyappa padalam
183. pUthala idumpai n-Ingkap puraithavir tharumam oongka
mA thava munivar uyya vaithika saivam vAza
aathi than aruLinAlE an-thakan mALa annAn
kAthalil utharaththu aangku oor karuppam van-thu adain-thathu anRE
vaLLiyammai thirumaNap padalam
19. avvarai marungku thannil aimpulan orungku sellas
sevvithin n-adAththum thonmais sivamuni ennum mElOn
ev evar thamakkum eythA iisanai uLaththuL koNdu
saiva n-al viratham pUNdu thavam purin-thu iruththal uRRAn
94. oodum ini enRavaL uraiththa mozi kELA
n-Idu makizvu eythi avaN n-inRa kumarEsan
n-Adu pukaz saiva n-eRi n-al thava viruththa
vEdam athu koNdu varum vEdar ethir senRAn
maNimEkalai
==========
86 enRavan thannai viddu iRaivan iisan ena
87 n-inRa saiva vAthi n-Erpaduthalum
88 parasum n-in theyvam eppadiththu enna
89 iru sudarOdu iyamAnan aim pUtham enRu
periyapurANam
===========
1 thirumalais sarukkam
1 thirumalais siRappu
40. ulakam uyyavum saivam n-inRu oongkavum
alakil sIrn-ampi aarUrar pAdiya
n-ilavu thoNdartham kUddam n-iRain-thu uRai
kulavu thaNpunal n-Addu aNi kURuvAm
thirun-akaras siRappu
11. thAzn-tha vENiyar saivar thapOthanar
vAzn-tha sin-thai munivar maRaiyavar
vIzn-tha inpath thuRaiyuL viravuvAr
sUzn-tha pal vERu idaththathu ath thol n-akar
thaduththu aadkoNda purANam
2. perukiya n-alaththAl mikka perum thiru n-Adu than il
aru maRais saivam oongka aruLinAl avathariththa
maruviya thavaththu aal mikka vaLam pathi vAymai kunRAth
thiru maRaiyavarkaL n-Idum thiru n-AvalUr aam anRE
7. than-thaiyAr sadaiyanAr tham thanith thiru makaRkus saiva
an-thaNar kulaththu uL thangkaL arum perum marapukku eeRpa
van-tha thol siRappil puththUrs sadangkavi maRaiyOn thanpAl
sen- thiru anaiya kanni maNath thiRam seppi viddAr
54. anaiththu n-Ul uNarn-thIr aathi saivan enRu aRivIr ennaith
thanakku vERu adimai enRu iv an-thaNan sAthiththAn eel
manaththinAl uNarthaRku eddA mAyai en sollukEn yAn
enakku ithu theLiya oNNAthu enRanan eNNam mikkAn
59. aru maRai n-Aval aathi saivan aarUranseykai
peru muni veNNey n-allUrp piththanukku yAnum enpAl
varu muRai marapu uLLOrum vazith thoNdu seythaRku oolai
irumai aal ezuthi n-Ern-thEn ithaRku ivai en ezuththu
130. mai vaLar kaNdar aruLinAlE vaNdamiz n-Avalar tham perumAn
saiva vidangkin aNipunain-thu sAn-thamum mAlaiyum thArum aaki
mey vaLar kOlam ellAm poliya mikka vizuththava vEn-thar ennath
theyva maNip puRRuLAraip pAdiththiLaiththu makizvodum sellA n-inRAr
171. av aLavil aruku irun-tha sEdithanai mukam n-Okki aarUr aaNda
mai viravu kaNdArai n-Am vaNangkap pOm maRuku ethir van-thavar aar
enna
iv ulakil an-thaNarAy iruvar thEdu oruvar thAm ethir n-inRu aaNda
saiva muthal thiruth thoNdar thampirAn thOzanAr n-ampi enRAL
185. kaiyiniR punai pon kOlum kAthinil ilangku thOdum
meyyinil thuvaLum n-Ulum n-eRRiyil viLangkum n-IRum
aiyanukku azaku ithAm enRu aayizai makaLir pORRas
saiva meyth thiruvin kOlam thazaippa vIthiyinais sArn-thAr
186. n-AvalUr van-tha saiva n-al thavak kaLiRE enRum
mElavar purangkaL seRRa vidaiyavarkku anpar enRum
thAvil sIrp perumai aarUr maRaiyavar thalaiva enRum
mEvinar iraNdu pAlum vERu vERu aayam pORRa
thirun-IlakaNda n-AyanAr purANam
1. vEthiyar thillai mUthUr vEd kOvar kulaththu van-thAr
mAthu oru pAkam n-Okki mannu siRRampalaththE
aathiyum mudivum illA aRputhath thanik kUththu aadum
n-AthanAr kazalkaL vAzthi vazipadum n-alaththin mikkAr
2. poy kadin-thu aththin vAzvAr punal sadai mudiyArkku anpar
mey adiyAr kadku aana seyum viruppil n-inRAr
vaiyakam pORRum seykai manai aRam purin-thu vAzvAr
saiva meyth thiruvin sArvE poruL enas sArum n-IrAr
and another 69 more references to Saivam.
thEvAram
=======
njAnasampan-thar
muthal thirumuRai
thiru aavUrp pasupathIssuram ii - 8 n-addapAdai
pinniya thAzsadaiyAr, pithaRRum pEthaiyar aam samaN sAkkiyarkaL
than iyalum(m) urai koLLakillAs saivar, idam--thaLavu eeRu sOlaith
thunniya mAtharum main-thar thAmum sunai idai mUzki, thodarn-tha sin-thaip
panniya pAdal payilum--aavUrp pasupathiyIssuram pAdu, n-AvE! - 10
thiru aarUr iiV - 20 sIkAmaram
aru maNith thadam pUN mulai arampaiyarodu aruLippAdiyar,
urimaiyil- thozuvAr, uththira pal kaNaththAr,
virisadai virathikaL, an-thaNar, saivar, pAsupathar, kapAlikaL,
theruvinil poliyum thiru aarUr ammAnE!
and several more references to Saivam. I lost count.
thirumUlar thiruman-thiram:
====================
05. than-thiram
1. suththa saivam
uurum ulakamum okkap padaikkinRa
pEr aRivALan perumai kuRiththidin
mEruvum mU ulaku aaLi ilangku ezun-thu
thAraNi n-Al vakais saivamum aam ee.
2. asuththa saivam
kAthup pon aarn-tha kadukkan iraNdu sErththu
oothum thiru mEniyuL kaddu iraNdudan
sOthanai seythu thuvA thesa mArkkar aay
oothi iruppAr oru saivar aakumE.
3. mArkka saivam
ponnAl siva sAthanam pUthi sAthanam
n-an mArkka sAthanam mA njAna sAthanam
thun mArkka sAthanam thOnRAtha sAthanam
san mArkka sAthanam aam suththa saivarkkE.
aakamam onpAn athil aana n-Al eezu
mEkam il n-Alu eezu muppEtham uRRu udan
vEkam il vEthAn-tha siththAn-tha meymai onRu
aaka mudin-thavarum suththa saivamE.
16. sAyussiyam
saivam sivanudan sampan-tham aakuthal
saivam thanai aRin-thE sivam sAruthal
saivam sivam thannais sArAmal n-Ingkuthal
saivam siva aanan-tham sAyus siyamE.
thiruvAsakam:
==========
2. kIrththith thiru akaval
80 sEvakan aaki, thiN silai een-thi,
pAvakam pala - pala kAddiya parisum;
kadampUr - thannil idam peRa irun-thum;
iingkOy malaiyil ezil - athu kAddiyum;
aiyARu - athanil saivan aakiyum;
4. pORRith thiru akaval
111 aiyA, pORRi! aNuvE, pORRi!
112 saivA, pORRi! thalaivA, pORRi!
kulAp paththu
pAzs sey viLAvi, payan iliyAyk kidappERku,
kIzs sey thavaththAl kiLiyIdu n-Erpaddu,
thAL seyya thAmarais saivanukku, en pun thalaiyAl
aadsey kulA - thillai aaNdAnaik koNdanRE. [8]
thiruk kazukkunRap pathikam
vidaiyanE, vidam uNdu vEtham viLain-tha viNNavar vEn-thanE,
idaiyilE unakku anpu seythu, perun-thuRaikku anRu irun-thilEn;
sadaiyanE, saiva n-AthanE, unais sArum thoNdarais sArkilAk
kadaiyanEnaiyum aadkoLvAn van-thu, kAddinAy, kazukkunRilE.
thiruviLaiyAdaRpurANam
=================
thiruviLaiyAdaRpurANam
vAzththu
2-1 malkuka vEtha vELvi vazangkuka suran-thu vAnam
2-2 palkuka vaLangkaL engkum paravuka aRangkaL inpa
2-3 n-alkuka uyir kadku ellA n-Al maRais saivam oongkip
2-4 pulkuka ulakam ellAm puravalan sengkOl vAzka
3 thirun-akaras siRappu
108-1 kumiz alarn-tha sen-thAmaraik kodi mukiz kOngkin
108-2 umiz tharum pA njAnam uNdu umizn-tha vAy vEthath
108-3 thamiz aRin-thu vaithikam udan saivamum n-iRuththum
108-4 amiztha veN thirai vaikaiyum oru puRaththu akaz aam
516-1 uththama kulaththu n-ARperum kudiyum uyarn-thavum izin-thavum mayangka
516-2 vaiththavum aana puRakkudi munRu maRai vazukkA manu vakuththa
516-3 thaththama n-eRininRu ozuka vaithikamum saivamum tharumamum thazaippap
516-4 paiththezu thirain-Ir njAla mEl thilakam pathiththu ena n-akarvaLam
paduththAn
991-1 aathi saivar muthal saivar aivarum
991-2 kOthu ilA akas saivak kuzAngkaLum
991-3 pUthi mEniyar puNNiya ain-thu ezuththu
991-4 oothu n-Avinar ollai van-thu eythinAr
1073-1 aathi iv ilingkam thINdal arukar allAtha vEtha
1073-2 vEthiyar muthalOr idda ilingkaththu ivvithiyAl arssiththu
1073-3 othiya viratham n-ORka arssanaikku uriyar allAs
1073-4 sAthiyar poruL n-Ern-thu aathi saivarAl pUsai seythal
3116-1 pOthu aviz thArAn akkar pun n-eRi ozukkam pUNdOn
3116-2 aathalil kanni n-Adum amaN iruL mUzkip pUthi
3116-3 sAthana n-eRi aam saiva samayamum muththis selva
3116-4 mAthava n-eRiyum kunRa maRain-thathu vEtha n-Ithi
and several more references that I lost count of.
Sorry for the long post. Since Mr. Vijayaraghavan often gets away with long
posts, I hope the Administrator will allow me too, this time.
Regards,
Maran T.
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