Accent notation in Tait. Up.
Srinivasan Pichumani
srini at engin.umich.edu
Tue Feb 18 17:14:55 UTC 1997
Here is the explanation of the svara marks in the Yajur Veda. There
are three svaras used in the Yajur Veda ( I vaguely remember the names
to be anudatta, udatta and svarita). The udatta is the standard
pitch and has no markings.
The accentless syllables, pracaya, are also recited the
same as udAtta... i.e. at a middle pitch.
The anudatta, denoted by an underline, is the lower pitch
Where there are successive anudAttas, one can hear the
sarvAnudAtta...recited at a pitch lower than anudAtta.
all the sandhi rules myself. The dirga svarita or two vertical lines
on top of the syllable is formed as a result of such a sandhi. The
syllable with such a mark is supposed to be chanted for two units of
time ( a syllable takes one unit of time ), the first unit in the
standard pitch and the second unit of time in the upper pitch.
Hope this helps. Listening to an audio tape of any Yajur Vedic chant
will make it abundantly clear. Especially, if one analyses the
form of chanting called krama pATa.m and Ga.na pATa.m. If a line of
the samhita text contains 5 words (say) :
1 2 3 4 5
krama pATa.m consists of chanting it as :
1 2 2 1 1 2
2 3 3 2 2 3
3 4 4 3 3 4
4 5 5 4 4 5
This is the jaTApATha vikrti, not krama.
-Srini.
ps: Here are some references to books/recordings on Vedic
recitation which may be useful.
1. Nambudiri Veda Recitation. J.F.Staal. Mouton & Co. 1961.
2. Samavedic chant. Wayne Howard. Yale Univ Press. 1977.
3. Veda Recitation in Varanasi. Wayne Howard. Motilal Banarsidass. 1986.
4. Indian music: History and Structure. Emmie Te Nijenhuis. E.J.Brill. 1974.
5. The Saman chants: A review of research. G.H.Tarlekar. Indian Musicological
Society. 1985.
6. A musical anthology of the Orient: LP 6. Unesco Collection. Alain Danielou.
Kassel : Barenreiter Musicaphon, <196-?>
7. The four Vedas. Asch Records AHM 4126. 2 discs. 33 1/3 rpm. 12 in.
John Levy and Frits Staal. 1968.
8. Ritual Music and Theatre of Kerala. Inde Du Sud. Le Chant Du Monde.
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