Dear friends and colleagues,

I am trying to understand the origin of the symbolic forms (ākāra)
associated with the navagrahas, but have not had any luck so far. The
standard forms, as far as I have been able to determine them, are as
follows:

Sun = circle (vṛtta)
Moon = crescent (ardhacandra)
Mars = triangle (trikoṇa)
Mercury = arrowhead (bāṇa)
Jupiter = rectangle (dīrghacaturaśra)
Venus = pentagon (pañcakoṇa)
Saturn = bow (dhanus)
Rāhu = winnowing basket (śūrpa)
Ketu = flag (dhvaja)

I would be grateful for any pointers to primary sources or articles
discussing these forms.

Best regards,
Jacob

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