Dear everyone,

1) Thomas Burke wrote on the list in April 2000. Apparently list members (and the list) were involved in developing the unicode vedic extensions block.

Although upadhmaaniiya and jiihvaamuuliiya both have independent signs
(termed gajakumbhaak*rti and vajraak*ti respectively [see Abhyankar's

Dictionary of Sanskrit grammar, s.v., for details]), both these signs are
commonly replaced by yet a third sign, the ardhavisarga, in grammatical texts
printed in Nagari. If we are properly to quote these texts, without editorial
intervention, we need the ardhavisarga in addition to the signs for
upadhmaaniiya and jiihvaamuuliiya.  Three characters, in all, are thus
required.

Many members of this group will have first encountered  upadhmaaniiya and
jiihvaamuuliiya in the Tantraakhyaayikaa selection in Stenzler's
Elementarbuch der Sanskrit-sprache, which represents upadhmaaniiya by
ardhavisarga and jiihvaamuuliiya by the vajrak*rti sign.

Would it be possible for  someone send me a photograph of the Tantrākhyāyikā selection in 
Stenzler's Elementarbuch der Sanskrit-sprache .

2) There have been discussions over the years on the list about jihvamUlIya , 
upadhmAnIya and ardhavisarga.

1. Madhav Deshpande and others Dec. 2019

2. Anthony P. Stone and others Nov. 1996 (He was a major player  in developing 
the ISO standard for the transliteration of sanskrit).

Harry Spier

On Sat, Nov 8, 2025 at 9:37 AM Malgorzata Wielinska-Soltwedel via INDOLOGY <indology@list.indology.info> wrote:

Dear Andrew,

Sorry for the self-promotion, but you might find my article ("Anspielungen auf Schriftzeichen in den traditionellen Sanskrit-Grammatiken", Saddharmāmṛtam. Festschrift für Jens-Uwe Hartmann zum 65. Geburtstag, 2018, pp. 527-540) useful in this context (even though it's in German).

And I would definitely argue in favour of retaining such characters in the editions.

Best,

Malgorzata

--
Małgorzata Wielińska-Soltwedel, PhD (she/her)
Acta Asiatica Varsoviensia
Editor-in-chief
Head of the Department of Modern Cultures of Asia and Africa
Institute of Mediterranean and Oriental Cultures Polish Academy of Sciences
Staszic Palace
ul. Nowy Świat 72
00-330 Warsaw, Poland
http://www.iksiopan.pl

Gesendet: Freitag, 7. November 2025 um 20:39

Von: "Andrew Ollett via INDOLOGY" <indology@list.indology.info>

An: Indology <indology@list.indology.info>

Betreff: [INDOLOGY] Upadhmānīya and Jihvāmūlīya

Dear colleagues,

I am working with a manuscript that uses upadhmānīya and jihvāmūlīya for visarga before p/ph and k/kh respectively:

The script is Śāradā, but I was wondering (a) whether these letters are used in printed Devanagari texts at all recently and what their forms are, and (b) whether anyone can suggest a Devanagari font that implements them correctly. I am wondering whether it might be worthwhile to retain these signs in a (Devanagari) edition of the text, or whether I should just regularize them to visarga. (The codepoints are in the Vedic Extensions Unicode block, although unlike the codepoint for visarga, they are not combining characters.)

Andrew

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