Quotes like सतां हि सन्देहपदेषु वस्तुषु प्रमाणमन्तःकरणप्रव्रुत्तयः indicate words like अन्तःकरण and अन्तःकरणप्रवृत्तयः as words close in meaning to conscience in classical works.

In most contemporary Indian languages, Sanskrit borrowings like अन्तःकरण , अंतरात्म(न्‌) is used in this sense.

In Tamil, the word manassaaklshin is found used, which can be guessed to have some Sanskrit source.

On Sun, Jul 17, 2022 at 4:46 PM Ram-Prasad, Chakravarthi <c.ram-prasad@lancaster.ac.uk> wrote:

A colleague who is not on this list asks whether there is any literature on ‘the concept of conscience or its analogues in pre-modern Indian literature’.

Thank you,

Ram

Chakravarthi Ram-Prasad

Fellow of the British Academy

Distinguished Professor of Comparative Philosophy and Religion

Department of Politics, Philosophy and Religion

Lancaster University

U.K.

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Nagaraj Paturi

Hyderabad, Telangana, INDIA.

Senior Director, IndicA

BoS, MIT School of Vedic Sciences, Pune, Maharashtra

BoS Kavikulaguru Kalidasa Sanskrit University, Ramtek, Maharashtra

BoS Veda Vijnana Gurukula, Bengaluru.

Member, Advisory Council, Veda Vijnana Shodha Samsthanam, Bengaluru

BoS Rashtram School of Public Leadership

Editor-in-Chief, International Journal of Studies in Public Leadership

Former Senior Professor of Cultural Studies,

FLAME School of Communication and FLAME School of Liberal Education,

Hyderabad, Telangana, INDIA.