Dear friends,
As the Tibetan translator, Rin-chen-bzang-po, certainly died in 1055 -- his correct dates are 958-1055 (I may have mistyped this in an earlier message) -- I doubt that Candranandana's work could have been composed later than 1020. And the dates of Rin-chen-bzang-po
seem to be quite certain - in any case, if adjustments are called for, it would be a matter of a few years, not decades.
So I am afraid that this rules out the interesting suggestion of Zakuna.
In any case, here is the complete passage in question (vol. 114, pp. 737-8 in the dpe bsdur ma ed.):
bdag gi mes por gyur pa ni// dpal chen dga' ba zhes grags yin// deng sang na yang mkhas pa rnams// grags pa'i dri med sgrogs par byed// de yi bur gyur chags la dga'// de bu zla ba la dga' (b)dag// slob dpon blo gros chen po ni// rgyun shes don ldan ming btags
pa// don dam zhes bya sman pa'i mchog// kha che'i yul du skyes pa yin// rgyal po dpal ldan tha ga na// dpa' ba la sogs yon tan ldan// sa steng dgra las rgyal ba yi// sa bdag kun tu rgyal gyur cig//
He who was my ancestor
Was well known as MahAzrI-nandana.
Even today the pandits
Proclaim his taintless fame.
His son was Ratinandana,
Whose son Candranandana I am,
Whose teacher of great intelligence,
Knowing the tradition, was meaningfully named
ParamArtha, supreme among physicians.
I was born in the land of Kashmir.
May the king, ZrImat Tha-ga-na,
Who has qualities such as courage,
Be victorious over all the earth's rulers,
Who have conquered their enemies upon the earth.
Perhaps this will give you some ideas.
best,
Matthew
Matthew Kapstein
Directeur
d'études,
Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes
Numata Visiting Professor of Buddhist Studies,
The University of Chicago
From: Walter Slaje <walter.slaje@gmail.com>
Sent: Monday, October 7, 2019 11:59 PM
To: andra.kleb@gmail.com <andra.kleb@gmail.com>
Cc: James Hartzell <james.hartzell@gmail.com>; Matthew Kapstein <mkapstei@uchicago.edu>; Indology <indology@list.indology.info>
Subject: Re: [INDOLOGY] Date of Candranandana
Unless his date is definitely too late (r. 1089-1101), one could take the Kashmirian King Harṣadeva into consideration, notorious for his obsession with omina (the word "śakuna" occuring three times in these contexts), cp. Kalhaṇa's RT 7.743; 769; 796; 1644;
1672).
A nickname formed from śakuna and deva (last member of his name Śrīharṣa-deva) may therefore not be impossible, were it not for the post 1000-date ("he must have lived [...] before ca. 1000").
Regards,
WS
It‘s Śakunadeva in Sanskrit:
praṇamya devadeveśaṃ hariṃ vāṅnidhim akṣaram/
padārthacandrikāṃ ṭīkāṃ śubhrāṃ sarvahitāvahām//1//
śrīmacchakunadevena prerito hṛdaye sphuțam/
buddhyā kariṣyāmi guroḥ saṃsmṛtya caraṇāmbujam//2//
8 окт. 2019 г., 06:00 +0900, Matthew Kapstein <
mkapstei@uchicago.edu>, писал:
btw, Tha ga na is not actually a Tibetan name. It figures among the names of the mahsiddhas, where it is a Tibetan transcription of an MIA form of Sthagana, the Liar. What on earth it's doing as a Kashmiri king's name beats me.
Matthew Kapstein
Directeur
d'études,
Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes
Numata Visiting Professor of Buddhist Studies,
The University of Chicago
Thanks Matthew. I will keep the name of king Tha ga na in reference in case I come across anything that would help explain what his Kashmiri name was.
Cheers
James
All we can say is that he must have lived after VAgbhaTa and before ca. 1000.
His concluding verses do mention a king, but I cannot correlate the name as given in Tibetan - Tha ga na - with anyone in the lists of Kashmiri kings with which I am familiar.
Matthew Kapstein
Directeur
d'études,
Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes
Numata Visiting Professor of Buddhist Studies,
The University of Chicago
Do we have any idea of when Candranandana himself may have lived?
Just to follow up on Andrey's comments:
In the concluding verses in the Rin chen bzang po translation Candranandana states that he was born in Kashmir (kha che'i yul du skyes pa yin). The translator does not tell us where he studied or translated the text, but because Rin chen bzang po did work extensively
in Kashmir, we may assume he did so there.
Matthew
Matthew Kapstein
Directeur
d'études,
Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes
Numata Visiting Professor of Buddhist Studies,
The University of Chicago
Dear Dr Hartzell,
The introductory verses to Candrananda’s commentary on the
Aṣṭāṅgahṛdayasaṃhitā call the text Padārthacandrikā (not Amṛtahṛdaya Aśṭāṅga Guhyopadeśatantra ?!). See “[…] padārthacandrikāṃ ṭīkāṃ […] kariṣyāmi … ”
As far as I am aware, the assumed date of the Tibetan translation provides, indeed, the earliest
terminus ante quem, but, as to now, one could not find any evidence to determine the
terminus post quem — that is, the TPQ is given merely by the composition of the root text.
I heard from several scholars in India that they thought Candrananda hailed from Kashmir. I am not sure about the rationale behind this belief, but I guess that it is influenced by the Tibetan tradition. As for Sanskrit sources, someone
Candrananda (the Padārthacandrikā has not been published in its entirety yet, so we still don’t know if it’s the same Candra or not) is often quoted by Kṣīrasvāmin (fl. ca. 11th cent.) in his commentary on the
Amarakośa, and one can also establish that Candra’s text exhibited significant influence on Indu (fl. ca. 12th cent.). Both authors were most likely from Kashmir, which may supply some very weak evidence for
connecting Candra with this region.
On Oct 6, 2019 22:28 +0900, Matthew Kapstein via INDOLOGY <
indology@list.indology.info>, wrote:
Dear Jim,
According to the catalogues of the Tibetan canon, the translation was done by Rin-chen-bzang-po (955-1054), and, because he also translated the root text, this seems likely to be correct.
Although Vairocana of Pa-gor seems to have been a real 8th c. individual, it is very difficult to disentangle whatever is factual from the enormous body of legend that grew up around him. Because the Tibetan medical tantra, the Rgyud-bzhi (Four Tantras), is
an apocryphon that claims its authority with reference to the period of the 8th c. monarch Khri srong lde'u btsan, it is not surprising that the "historical" tradition that developed around it would have wanted to appropriate other authorities as well.
best,
Matthew
Matthew Kapstein
Directeur
d'études,
Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes
Numata Visiting Professor of Buddhist Studies,
The University of Chicago
Hi
Does anyone have a definitive date for Candranandana, author of the commentary
Amṛtahṛdaya Aśṭāṅga Guhyopadeśatantra on Vāgbhaṭa´s
Aṣṭāṅgahṛdaya (or
Aṣṭhāṅgasaṃhitā)? According to the Tibetan medical history tradition, as reported in "The
Origin of the rGyud bzhi: A Tibetan Medical Tantra” by Todd Fenner (
https://www.thlib.org/encyclopedias/literary/genres/genres-book.php#!book=/studies-in-genres/b27/dn3/),
Vairocana studied with him in Kashmir, and translated this text into Tibetan, and presented it to King Trisong Detsen (Tibetan: ཁྲི་སྲོང་ལྡེ་བཙན
), who ruled (according to Wikipedia) 755 CE until 797 or 804 CE.
Dr. Fenner´s history would place Candranandana in the late 8th century CE. Has this account been further confirmed?
Cheers
James
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--
James Hartzell, PhD
Basque Center on Cognition, Brain and Language (BCBL), Donostia, Spain
Center for Mind/Brain Sciences (CIMeC), The University of Trento, Italy
Center for Buddhist Studies, Columbia University, USA
--
James Hartzell, PhD
Basque Center on Cognition, Brain and Language (BCBL), Donostia, Spain
Center for Mind/Brain Sciences (CIMeC), The University of Trento, Italy
Center for Buddhist Studies, Columbia University, USA
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