Author: Colette Caillat. Translated from the French by Brianne Donaldson
Year: 2019
ISSN: 1748-1074
International Journal of Jaina Studies (Online) Vol. 15, No. 1 (2019) 1-12
In this translated essay, originally published in French, Colette Caillat examines the teachings of anatomy in the Tandulaveyāliya, one of the Prakīrṇaka-sūtras in the Svetāmbara Jain canon. Caillat explores similarities and discrepancies between the accounts of physiology described in the Tandulaveyāliya and other classical medical treatises of the time, such as Caraka- and Suśruta-saṃhitās, as well as the Viṣṇu-smṛti, Yājñavalkya-smṛti, and Garbha-upaniṣad. Alongside these comparisons, Caillat also highlights singular contributions found in the Tandulaveyāliya, namely the unique anatomical accounts of women and "third-sex"/"neuter" individuals (paṇḍaga [Skt. paṇḍaka]).
The Influence of Jainism on Early Kannada Literature: Sheldon Pollock’s Work Language of Gods
Author: Hampa Nagarajaiah (Hampana)
Year: 2019
ISSN: 1748-1074
International Journal of Jaina Studies (Online) Vol. 15, No. 2 (2019) 1-24
The credit of establishing Kannada as one of the foremost literary languages of far greater significance and dimension goes to Sheldon Pollock. In his book, Language of the Gods in the World of Men, he has narrated the history and described the core characteristics of Kannada literature, and accomplished the task that was long due. About 50 pages in chapter 9, and some pages in chapter 10, are devoted to the historical development of Kannada. Befitting references to the antiquity, density, historicity, sociology, literary production and other accomplishments are presented. However, Pollock’s statement ‘Jainism has little or nothing to do with Early Kannada literature’ is unjustified. A vast corpus of literature produced by Jain litterateurs is either ignored or diluted. For instance, the Vaḍḍārādhane, the earliest extant major work of Kannada literature, singular for its poetic prose, does not figure in the book. References to Śrīvijaya's two kāvyas, the Raghuvaṃśapurāṇa and the Candraprabhapurāṇa are missing. The Yāpanīya-saṃgha, a prominent sect, mentioned in many medieval inscriptions and enjoying royal donations, does not even figure for its name sake. Jinavallabha, the younger brother of poet Pampa, was adroit in Telugu, adept in Kannada and proficient in Sanskrit. He is the earliest poet in Telugu and wrote a famous inscription in three languages. The paper is a critique of Sheldon Pollock's book Language of the Gods in the World of Men with special reference to the treatment of Kannada, which awaits serious analysis and an extensive debate.
On Word-Numerals in Nāgavarma’s Canarese Prosody
Author: Dipak Jadhav
Year: 2019
ISSN: 1748-1074
International Journal of Jaina Studies (Online) Vol. 15, No. 3 (2019) 1-21
This paper studies eighty word-numerals referred to in the Canarese prosody of the Jain writer Nāgavarma of the late 10th century. Almost all of them are in Sanskrit. This paper also shows why they represent the corresponding numbers. Every word-numeral is the bearer of thought, deeply rooted in ancient Indian society, whether it is from the Vedic culture or the Paurāṇika culture or the epic culture or the Jaina culture.