Dear Karl-Stephen,
Regarding your point no. 2, I do not know what sources there might be about the historical context which led Jainas to involve themselves in debates and controversies with their opponents. However, a major source on their debates and controversies per se from before Haribhadra's time is the Dv
āda
śāram nayacakram, which lays out the views of the philosophical systems prevalent in India at that time, drawing on very old sources (e.g., the lost
Ṣaṣṭitantra for Sāṃkhya). The best edition (and restoration) is that by Muni Jambuvijayaji in three volumes, 1966, 1976, 1988. But perhaps this is long since known to you, or is not what you are looking for.