The role of the GG in the birth of the Kathakali genre in Kerala is a discussed matter. Quoting Rich Freeman (“Genre and Society: The Literary Culture of Premodern Kerala”, in Pollock ed. 2003, p. 487):
‘While the form of th[e] original
Sanskrit work itself has suggested that it was a performed piece, it was
certainly put to this function in Kerala, where the work was known as the Aṣṭapadi.
It was apparently adopted in this form by the kings of Calicut for performance
in the Guruvāyūr and other Kṛṣṇa temples, where it developed
from songs sung by temple servants before the stairs leading to the sanctum
(hence, stair-song, sōpāna-gīti) into a performance genre called aṣṭapadiyāṭṭam (dancing
of the Aṣṭapadi)
presented by Cākyārs using the
gestural language (mudra) adapted
from the theater. The best guess is that this genre was developed in the
fifteenth or sixteenth centuries, when the Caitanya movement in Bengal (which
had direct ties to south India) may have given an impetus to the Kṛṣṇa cult in Kerala.’ [or a new
impetus, since there was already in Kerala a strong Kṛṣṇa cult and lyrico-devotional
tradition, with Bilvamangala etc., from which Caitanya himself borrowed a lot].
At the least the GG has clearly
influenced the Kṛṣṇagīti,
a lyrico-dramatic poem
written by Mānaveda (a Zamorin of
Calicut) in 1652 (cf. for the dating chronogram, Kunjunni Raja, CSKL p. 102) which became the
source-text for the Kṛṣṇāṭṭam, a special dance-drama (different from
the Rāmaṇāṭṭam viewed as the more direct predecessor
of the Kathakali in the same 17th century).
It
is to be noted that a verse form the GG is always sung at the beginning of a
Kathakali performance as an auspicious ritual (see Paul Martin-Dubost, Le Théâtre dansé du Kérala, Paris, 1990,
pp. 103-123).
The
earliest translation of the GG in Malayalam seems the Bhāṣāṣṭapadi, by the
poet Rāmapurattu Vāryar
(1703-1753).
From
A. Gaur, Catalogue of Malayalam Books in
the British Museum, 1971, col. 110, these two references:
• dēvagīta… gītagōvindattiṉṯe svatantraparibhāṣa. Dēva-gīta,
a free translation in Malayalam verse by Caṅṅampuḻa Kṛṣṇa Piḷḷa, with introduction by the translator, Trichur :
Mangalodayam Press, 1946.
• maṇipravāḷāṣṭapadi athavā
laḷitagītagōvindaṃ. Maṇipravāḷāṣṭapadi, or Laḷita-gīta-gōvindaṃ, a rendering in maṇipravāḷam verse, by K. V. Rāma Vāriyar, Ottapalam : Kamalalaya
Press, 1921.
The second one could correspond to Rāmapurattu Vāryar’s work.
There must
exist several other translations in Malayalam.
Below,
a few references from a quick check with a local on-line bookseller (note that
the second item is an edition of Rāmapurattu Vāryar’s work).
Testifying
for the immense popularity of the GG in Kerala : in the Malayam novel The Legend of Khasak (khasākkiṉṯe itihāsaṃ) by O. V. Vijayan (1969, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khasakkinte_Itihasam
), at the end of the chapter 9 examined by Francis Zimmermann
(http://ginger.tessitures.org/malayalam/fiction-contemporaine/khasak/
) a anonymous Sanskrit stanza is quoted, which is, as I myself noticed, nothing
else than GG 1.16.
Malayalam Title | പ്രേമവും ഭക്തിയും |
Pages | 282 |
Size | Demy 1/8 |
Binding | Paperback |
Edition | 2007 November |
Hi Nagaraj, The whole thing will be weighted toward English, but I will include the most major stuff in some Indian (and other European) languages, especially the major secondary works in Bengali. This will of course be somewhat restricted to what I can read, which is pretty much only Bengali and Hindi. I will also make at least some reference to the translations, virtually in any Indian language you can name, as you know. There are so many translations in Indian and other languages that I will not be able to treat them in great detail. I think there are at least about 10 in Bengali. I'm sure there might be even more in Oriya. So the short answer is: I will try not to do an injustice to scholarship in Indian languages, though I won't be able to treat it comprehensively.One area of concern is that I cannot read Oriya, and yet I know there must be at least some good scholarship in Oriya (apart from the flood of more popular literature). If you or someone you know can give me some pointers here I would be very grateful.Best,J_______________________________________________On Mon, Apr 3, 2017 at 5:44 PM, Nagaraj Paturi <nagarajpaturi@gmail.com> wrote:Dear Jesse,Does your annotated GG bibliography include Indian language works too?Congratulations and best wishes,Nagaraj______________________________Dear Friends, You might have guessed that I'm working on annotated GG bibliography. The task started out as slightly tedious, but has become very rewarding and pleasurable thanks to your help.I also welcome any references to lesser known articles and works you might know of. I look forward to sharing the bibliography with you when it's done.A propos would anyone have a soft copy of the following?Sarkar, Ranajit (1974). Gītagovinda : towards a total understanding. Rijksuniversiteit te Groningen, [Institute of Indian Studies], Groningen, [Netherlands]Thanks भवदीयः,j--Jesse Ross Knutson PhDAssistant Professor of Sanskrit and Bengali, Department of Indo-Pacific Languages and LiteraturesUniversity of Hawai'i at Mānoa461 Spalding_________________
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http://listinfo.indology.info (where you can change your list options or unsubscribe)--Nagaraj PaturiHyderabad, Telangana, INDIA.Former Senior Professor of Cultural StudiesFLAME School of Communication and FLAME School of Liberal Education,(Pune, Maharashtra, INDIA )--Jesse Ross Knutson PhDAssistant Professor of Sanskrit and Bengali, Department of Indo-Pacific Languages and LiteraturesUniversity of Hawai'i at Mānoa461 Spalding
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