[INDOLOGY] "Religions" Special Issues or the new trend of paying to be published

Wed Feb 5 17:10:21 UTC 2025

The standard for academic publication today is *Diamond Open Access*.  That
means that publication is *free for the author and free for the reader*.
No money changes hands.  The journal finds its funding elsewhere, often
being run as part of "academic duty" by university faculty members, or else
funded by a learned society that collects membership fees.

Nowadays, there are many Diamond OA journals of extremely high academic
quality and it is not necessary to pay APC fees in order to publish serious
academic work in highly-visible, well-edited, peer-reviewed journals.  In
many cases, Diamond OA journals have higher editorial and academic
standards than commercial publishers.  FOASAS <https://foasas.org/>
provides information about Diamond OA journals and monograph publishers for
South Asianists. See also my blog on this topic
<https://cikitsa.blogspot.com/2013/01/some-oa-journals-that-publish-s-asia.html>
.

Diamond Open Access is the result of several factors.

   1. The internet has made it cheap to publish online.
   2. Software for journal management and online publication is free and
   excellent.
   3. Editorial work is done by professional academics, as it always has
   been.  They are typically paid by universities.
   4. Document copyediting, design and typesetting, even for complex
   documents, is much easier than in the past and can be done with free tools
   like Scribus, LibreOffice or LaTeX.

We're experiencing a paradigm change.  As the earlier paradigm slowly
disappears, commercial, for-profit publishers are struggling to hold on to
their old business model in this new ecosystem. They have invented
categories like "green" and "gold" OA, and often continue to charge APC
fees to authors and their institutions.

Best,
Dominik

Disclaimer: I am Co-Chair of the Coalition Publica Journal User Group
<https://www.coalition-publi.ca/community>.

--
Prof. Dominik Wujastyk
University of Alberta

"The University of Alberta is committed to the pursuit of truth,
the advancement of learning, and the dissemination of knowledge
through teaching, research and other scholarly and creative activities and
service."
-- Collective Agreement
<https://www.ualberta.ca/human-resources-health-safety-environment/media-library/my-employment/agreements/2020-2024-collective-agreement---working-version.pdf>
3.01

On Wed, 5 Feb 2025 at 08:03, Herman Tull via INDOLOGY <
indology at list.indology.info> wrote:

> I've also reviewed a fair number of submissions to MDPI's *Religions*. I
> agree with Brian Collins' observation that three-quarters of the pieces are
> terrible...but, I would add that about ten to fifteen percent (in my
> estimation) are quite good. Invariably, when I've seen these articles
> published (they are reviewed blindly), they are by authors/scholars with
> significant reputations (likely as a favor to a reputable guest editor).
> Indeed, I've stayed with this process largely for those authors, which, to
> my mind (and perhaps incorrectly), validates *Religions*.
>
> Along with the high fees that journals charge authors (MDPI, but also the
> others mentioned in this thread), let's not forget the fees publishers
> charge libraries, which, I have been told, are also quite high.
>
> And, we (contributors, peer reviewers, guest editors) are the engine that
> drives this. Yes...there are publishing costs in indexing, setting up type,
> etc. But, so much of this is now done by the authors (is there a single
> copy editor still in existence?). For the past decade, I have done
> extensive work for a reputable Berlin-based publishing house that requires
> me to upload my writing directly through their editorial "platform,"
> obviously at a a tremendous savings in editorial cost to them.
>
> Fortunately, there are now some open access options without fees. Perhaps
> scholars on lists such as this can focus on reminding others of such
> publishing opportunities.
>
> *Herman Tull, PhD*
> *Princeton, NJ*
>
>
> On Wed, Feb 5, 2025 at 8:18 AM Andrew Ollett via INDOLOGY <
> indology at list.indology.info> wrote:
>
>> Dear Christophe,
>>
>> Like everything else in the modern world, the good and progressive idea
>> of "open access publishing" has been turned into a corporate kāmadhēnu.
>> This list probably needs no background on the general issues (see FOASAS
>> <https://foasas.org/index.html>), but it is totally standard for
>> journals to charge "article processing charges" for open-access
>> publication. I don't know what you mean by "our area of studies," but
>> certainly journals like *Indo-Iranian Journal, Journal of South Asian
>> Intellectual History*, and *Philological Encounters* (Brill, $2,595), *Journal
>> of Indian Philosophy* (Springer, $3,2900), *International Journal of
>> Hindu Studies* (Springer, $3,190), *Indian Economic and Social History
>> Review* (Sage, $3,000–$4,000), and *South Asia* (Taylor and Francis,
>> $3,300) do charge very high APCs for open-access publication. (They don't
>> charge APCs for traditional articles, but as we know, the subscriptions
>> make these APCs look cheap.) Journals published by university presses (like *Bulletin
>> of the School of Oriental and African Studies*), I believe, negotiate
>> APCs on a per-case basis, and I don't know what the average is. According
>> to Wikipedia <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Article_processing_charge>,
>> the average APC is now $1,626, which makes *Religions* technically on
>> the cheaper end, and I believe that MDPI is technically a non-profit. But
>> MDPI was classified as a "predatory publishers" by Jeffrey Beall in the
>> past, and still today their core model involves (a) volume (they are the
>> largest open-access publisher in the world), (b) speed (anecdotally,
>> *Religions* has a faster turnaround rate than almost any other journal
>> in our "field"), and (c) special issues. The last feature, which you also
>> mentioned in your message, is connected with a number of intellectual and
>> ethical issues, including (a) the relative roles, and relative amount of
>> labor, of the journal staff (including the editors) and the organizers of
>> the special issue in soliciting papers, organizing review and copyediting,
>> helping the authors revise, etc. (b) the integrity and the rigor of the
>> peer review process.
>>
>> The same, by the way, is true for monographs, where the open-access fees
>> are generally between $12,000 and $18,000.
>>
>> Now obviously I think this situation is unfortunate and wrong, and I
>> believe (as someone on Reddit said) "friends don't let friends publish in
>> MDPI," but this is unfortunately the way that academic publishing is
>> developing, or rather has developed. Still, I would assume that in the case
>> of most, if not all, of the special issues you linked to, the APCs for all
>> of the papers were probably paid by the editor's home institution, or
>> through a funded project. That was the case when I published in *JSAIH* recently.
>> And it may be the case that the editors are able to broker some kind of
>> deal with the publisher. (I now see that Brian Collins has refuted these
>> naive assumptions of mine --- I was trying not to be so cynical!)
>>
>> The choices for researchers in our field, especially early-career
>> researchers, remain pretty miserable. If you want to publish your research
>> in a major journal, the probability approaches 100% that it will be owned
>> by one of the "big five" corporate publishers, with huge profit margins, or
>> alternatively, pay-to-play schemes like MDPI. There are few truly
>> independent journals (I believe *Bulletin de l'École française
>> d'Extrême-Orient* is one), and few "diamond" open-access journals, which
>> do not charge APCs (see the FOASAS <https://foasas.org/index.html> again),
>> but which are mostly just starting out and do not have the
>> name-recognition, selectivity, or even the indexing that researchers (and
>> promotion committees) often look for.
>>
>> Andrew
>>
>> On Wed, Feb 5, 2025 at 5:42 AM Christophe Vielle via INDOLOGY <
>> indology at list.indology.info> wrote:
>>
>>> Dear List,
>>>
>>> I would like to draw your attention on the following issue. Having
>>> naively expressed my interest after being invited by colleagues to
>>> contribute to a collective volume on a topic sounding to me, I was
>>> surprised to discover this new (?) type of publication promoted by the
>>> controversial MDPI/Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (see
>>> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MDPI on "Finnish downgrading" and
>>> "proliferation of special issues"). The concerned journal is "Religions",
>>> and its current or planned "Special Issues" on Indological topics, for
>>> which there are invitations to submit with a submission deadline between 1
>>> Feb and 31 Aug 2025, are no less than 9:
>>>
>>> Beyond the “Spice Routes”: Indic and Sinitic Religions across the Asian
>>> Maritime Realm
>>> <https://www.mdpi.com/journal/religions/special_issues/9P1M8049VT>
>>>
>>> Buddhist Meditation in Central Asia
>>> <https://www.mdpi.com/journal/religions/special_issues/236DSD0UI7>
>>>
>>> Hindu Sacred Texts and Rituals in Sanskrit Literature
>>> <https://www.mdpi.com/journal/religions/special_issues/1O9I38H1S3>
>>>
>>> Jainism and Narrative
>>> <https://www.mdpi.com/journal/religions/special_issues/0W9OR9E09H>
>>>
>>> Old Texts, New Insights: Exploring Buddhist Manuscripts
>>> <https://www.mdpi.com/journal/religions/special_issues/V6HUT4QX32>
>>>
>>> Thresholds of Reality: Exploring the In-Between in Indian Thought
>>> <https://www.mdpi.com/journal/religions/special_issues/21MBCCKZMA>
>>>
>>> A Sociological Approach to the Study of the Sanskrit Purānas
>>> <https://www.mdpi.com/journal/religions/special_issues/B9136AO0GV>
>>>
>>> Religion and Performing Arts in Contemporary India
>>> <https://www.mdpi.com/journal/religions/special_issues/0MQ1NB9G31>
>>>
>>> The Encounter of Colonialism and Indian Religious Traditions
>>> <https://www.mdpi.com/journal/religions/special_issues/67UHFH1W13>
>>>
>>> The benefits of publishing in a special issue are extolled on the above
>>> pages — "All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a double-blind
>>> peer-review process" (led by the guest editors) and the published articles
>>> are in open access <https://www.mdpi.com/about/openaccess/> (for
>>> reading them).
>>> However, what is less common in our area of studies, is the fact that
>>> "The Article Processing Charge (APC) <https://www.mdpi.com/about/apc/> for
>>> publication in this open access journal is 1800 CHF (Swiss Francs)" (= ± €
>>> 1900  or $ 1950). Such a prohibitive cost  certainly constitutes a denial
>>> of access to publication for most of the scholars in our field, especially
>>> the young ones (unless their own institutes or research fundings are
>>> willing or able to pay as much for their publications). However, in the
>>> (guest editors/publisher combined) invitation email (which is in fact
>>> optional, since the invitation to submit a proposal of paper is in the same
>>> time made to anybody on the Special Issue page), it was added that "should
>>> you have any difficulties with the fee, please let us know; given your
>>> qualifications and reputation, the journal is able to waive the fee for
>>> your submission" ("However if you are able to obtain any funding to cover
>>> either a portion or the whole of the APC…, either from your institution or
>>> other sources, this will help to support the journal" — this APC is
>>> requested at the end of the publishing process). This difference in
>>> (financial) treatment based on criteria that are devoid of objectivity is
>>> disturbing. And more fundamentally, in the case of a journal article, why
>>> pay for being published... I am not convinced by either the model or the
>>> results of these "Special Issues" (inevitably lacking of coherence), which,
>>> if they are successful according to MDPI ("Normally, a successful Special
>>> Issue consists of 10 or more papers, in addition to an editorial (optional)
>>> written by the Guest Editor(s)"
>>> https://www.mdpi.com/special_issues_guidelines — I wonder which issue
>>> of the above list will reach this goal) would mean much more expensive
>>> volumes (paid by the authors) than the collective ones provided from
>>> reputable traditional publishers (when the open access is paid by the
>>> scientific editors themselves, through institutional research funding
>>> previously got for their collaborative project).
>>>
>>> Maybe the guest editors (who are apparently never among the paying
>>> contributors) of these special issues could tell us a bit more about
>>> the(ir?) interest (?) of this way of publishing (or attracting contributors
>>> ) and why they have decided to use it (even if they could have been
>>> misinformed about these mercantile aspects at the time they applied, or
>>> were invited, to become Guest Editor of such Special Issues, since nothing
>>> about the APC is found on the relevant MDPI pages :
>>> https://www.mdpi.com/journalproposal/sendproposalspecialissue/religions /
>>> https://www.mdpi.com/special_issues_guidelines
>>> On the other hand, are the Editorial Boards of the journal "Religions",
>>> no less than 3 plethoric different ones, somewhere really involved in the
>>> editorial process? https://www.mdpi.com/journal/religions/editors —
>>> probably not, which removes all scientific credit from it).
>>>
>>> With best wishes,
>>>
>>> Christophe
>>>
>>> –––––––––––––––––––
>>> Christophe Vielle
>>> <https://uclouvain.be/en/directories/christophe.vielle>
>>> Louvain-la-Neuve
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> _______________________________________________
>>> INDOLOGY mailing list
>>> INDOLOGY at list.indology.info
>>> https://list.indology.info/mailman/listinfo/indology
>>>
>>
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