[INDOLOGY] ODP: Direct Realism of Nyāya

[Lee Ling Ting]

Dear Alex, Olena, and Matthew,

Thank you so much for the information.
They are all very helpful.
I will check out the articles/books mentioned.

Alex, is there anywhere to have access to Ganeri's lecture notes or videos
where I can find his discussion on the distinction between direct realism
and naive realism?


Best,
Lee Ling



On Fri, Jun 14, 2024 at 8:10 PM Alex Watson <alex.watson at ashoka.edu.in>
wrote:

> Dear Lee Ling
>
> Did you have a definition of direct realism in mind?
>
> If you're interested in Nyāya sources in particular, and not Mīmāṃsā
> sources, you could start by looking at the earliest commentaries on
> Nyāyasūtra 1.1.4.  The sūtra itself admits of too many interpretations to
> be decisive.
>
> Thanks to Professor Łucyszyna for mentioning Watson & Kataoka (2010): it
> is available on my academia.edu page:
> https://ashokauniversity.academia.edu/AlexWatson
>
> By the way, Jonardon Ganeri's recent John Locke lectures distinguish, as
> some but not all contemporary philosophers of perception do, between direct
> realism and naive realism.  He argues that early Nyāya should properly be
> seen as naive realist, not direct realist; and that Matilal was wrong to
> depict it as mere direct realism.
>
> Best
> Alex
>
> On Fri, Jun 14, 2024 at 12:07 PM Ołena Łucyszyna via INDOLOGY <
> indology at list.indology.info> wrote:
>
>> Dear Lee Ling,
>>
>> the *nirākāra-(jñāna-)vāda* (advocated by the Naiyāyikas, the
>> Mīmāṃsakas, the Jainas, and the Vaibhāṣika Buddhists) can be called direct
>> realism. The earliest text that formulates the* nirākāra *standpoint and
>> sparks the *nirākāra*—*sākāra* debate is probably Śabara’s *Śābarabhāṣya* (to
>> be more precise, the Vṛttikāra’s commentary cited by Śabara in
>> * Śābarabhāṣya* I, 1, 5). Śabara’s commentator Kumārila Bhaṭṭa presents
>> well-developed argumentation for the *nirākāra-vāda *in his *Ślokavārttika
>> *(V, 4, the *Śūnyavāda *section). These two sources belong to Mīmāṃsā.
>> The Nyāya source advocating the *nirākāra-vāda* I am familiar with is
>> Bhaṭṭa Jayanta’s *Nyāyamañjarī. * For Bhaṭṭa Jayanta’s defence of the
>> *nirākāra-vāda*, see
>>
>> Kataoka, K. (2003). Critical edition of the *Vijñānādvaitavāda* section
>> of Bhaṭṭa Jayanta’s *Nyāyamañjarī*.
>> https://www2.lit.kyushu-u.ac.jp/~kkataoka/Kataoka/NMvijR.pdf.
>> Watson, A., & Kataoka, K. (2010). Bhaṭṭa Jayanta’s refutation of the
>> Yogācāra Buddhist doctrine of Vijñānavāda: Annotated translation and
>> analysis. *South Asian Classical Studies*, *5*, 285–352.
>>
>> This is one of many valuable publications I can recommend: Sinha, J.
>> (1938). *Indian realism*. Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner & Co.
>>
>> The *nirākāra-vāda* can be called direct realism, but the *sākāra-vāda*
>> has no correspondence in Western philosophy. The *sākāra-vāda *encompasses
>> two very different theories: indirect realism (representationalism) and
>> phenomenalism.
>>
>> With best regards,
>> Olena
>> --
>> Ołena Łucyszyna, Dr. habil., Professor of the Institute
>> <http://www.iksiopan.pl/index.php/en/structure/research-staff/867-olena-lucyszyna-phd-dr-habil>
>> of Mediterranean and Oriental Cultures
>> Polish Academy of Sciences
>> Nowy Świat 72
>> 00-330 Warsaw
>> ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6972-649X
>>
>>
>>
>>
>> ------------------------------
>> *Od:* INDOLOGY <indology-bounces at list.indology.info> w imieniu
>> użytkownika Lee Ling Ting via INDOLOGY <indology at list.indology.info>
>> *Wysłane:* piątek, 14 czerwca 2024 10:06
>> *Do:* Indology List <indology at list.indology.info>
>> *Temat:* [INDOLOGY] Direct Realism of Nyāya
>>
>> Dear members of the list,
>>
>> Greetings!
>> I have a question to ask.
>> What are some of the earliest Nyāya sources that * explicitly *spell out that
>> Naiyāyikas uphold direct realism (not just realism)? I'd appreciate it if
>> you could point me in the right direction.
>> Thank you!
>>
>> Best regards,
>> Lee Ling
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>
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>
>
> --
> Alex Watson
> Professor of Indian Philosophy, Ashoka University
>
> *https://ashokauniversity.academia.edu/AlexWatson
> <https://ashokauniversity.academia.edu/AlexWatson>*
>
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