[INDOLOGY] question about functions of present participles

Thu Jul 18 19:29:39 UTC 2024

Dear Hans Henrich,

I take it you are referring to Speijer, Sanskrit Syntax, para. 374. However, in Speijer's examples the participles are in the accusative, if the main verb is actieve, that is (e.g., māṃ praviśantam apaśyat). In the Āyāraṃgasutta passages we have imperatives pāsa followed by participles in the nominative plural, lajjamāṇā uvādīyamāṇā respectively. Or do we have to do with rare examples of the accusative plural ending -ā, for which, see von Hinüber, para. 314, with reference to Pischel, para. 367a?

With kind regards, Herman

Herman Tieken
Stationsweg 58
2515 BP Den Haag
The Netherlands
00 31 (0)70 2208127
website: hermantieken.com<http://hermantieken.com/>

The Aśoka Inscriptions: Analysing a corpus, New Delhi: Primus Books, 2023.
https://primusbooks.com/ancient/the-asoka-inscriptions-analysing-a-corpus-by-herman-tieken/

________________________________
Van: Hock, Hans Henrich <hhhock at illinois.edu>
Verzonden: donderdag 18 juli 2024 20:29
Aan: Tieken, H.J.H. (Herman) <H.J.H.Tieken at hum.leidenuniv.nl>
CC: Indology List <indology at list.indology.info>
Onderwerp: Re: [INDOLOGY] question about functions of present participles

Dear Herman,

In Sanskrit, verbs like SEE and HEAR can take participial structures as complements, similarly to English I see them coming

Best wishes

Hans Henrich

On Jul 18, 2024, at 04:36, Tieken, H.J.H. (Herman) via INDOLOGY <indology at list.indology.info> wrote:

Dear List members,

I am struggling with the two present participles (lajjamānā and pavadamānā) (and the phrase jamiṇaṃ (PTSD yam idaṃ, “in other words, viz., so to speak, just this, I mean”) in the following passage from the Āyāraṃgasutta I, which,which minor variations, is found no fewer than six times (no. 12, 23, 34, 42, 50 and 57 in Jambūvijaya’s ed.):

lajjamānā puḍho pāsa. ‘aṇagārā mo’ tti ege pavadamānā, jamiṇam virūvarūvehiṃ satthehiṃ puḍhavi(udaya, agaṇi, vaṇassati, tasakāya)kammasaṃāraṃbheṇaṃ puḍhavi(udaya, …)satthaṃ samārabhamāṇe aṇṇe va’ṇegarūve pāṇe vihiṃsati.

Jacobi’s translation runs as follows:

See! There are men who control themselves, (whilst others only) pretend to be houseless, because [jamiṇaṃ] one destroyes this (earth-body) by ….

The English translation of Schubring’s German one reads:

Ashamed in (many) individual cases, see, (are) some, and confess: ‘we are houseless ones’. [The jamiṇam sentence is combined with the next one:] If [jamiṇaṃ] one, now, with tools of different kinds … injures other beings of different kinds, [as can be seen this sentence ends with a comma; the next one, however, starts with capital H:] Here, then has been pronounced by the Lord ….

As so often, Schubring’s translation is a tour de force. Apart from that,

As I see it Schubring’s translation assumes the presence of the verb saṃti with lajjamāṇā (Jacobi does so with pavadamāṇā as well). Can the present participle function as a predicate on its own? If so, I know of one possible, similar instance (note the imperative jāṇa instead of pāsa) from the Āyāraṃgasutta as well (ettha pi jāṇa uvādīyamāṇā je āyāre ṇa ramaṃti, “Know that some people here show attachment, namely those who do not find pleasue in the discipline”, no. 62)

I have have been thinking of something completely different, something like this:

Each by himself would be ashamed when claiming to be houseless ones, while/if at the same time he (they) hurt (one hurts) all kinds of living beings.

This use of lajjamāṇā resembles that of present participles in combination with a conditional sentence as described in Hemacandra IV 351 for Prākrit/Apabhraṃśa (lajjijjaṃtu vayamsiahu jai bhaggā gharu eṃtu). However, one does not order people to look (pāsa) at people who would be ashamed; should would be more logical. It is just an attempt, and as such clearly much too far-fetched.
What I would like to know is if the function of present participles as assumed by Jacobi and Schubring is common?
With kind regards,
Herman

Herman Tieken
Stationsweg 58
2515 BP Den Haag
The Netherlands
00 31 (0)70 2208127
website: hermantieken.com<https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://hermantieken.com/__;!!DZ3fjg!5yg4Ct6uXmgCCKGd4sP79aLLDFZFb00lPrrnDsVTG-xXJWX9o6uZG9r3m91yGhTzJleNnFVp7e9uR1mPHX2as8ccCpQI$>

The Aśoka Inscriptions: Analysing a corpus, New Delhi: Primus Books, 2023.
https://primusbooks.com/ancient/the-asoka-inscriptions-analysing-a-corpus-by-herman-tieken/<https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://primusbooks.com/ancient/the-asoka-inscriptions-analysing-a-corpus-by-herman-tieken/__;!!DZ3fjg!5yg4Ct6uXmgCCKGd4sP79aLLDFZFb00lPrrnDsVTG-xXJWX9o6uZG9r3m91yGhTzJleNnFVp7e9uR1mPHX2as7Tgz4fM$>

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